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We propose CheckDP, the first automated and integrated approach for proving or disproving claims that a mechanism is differentially private. CheckDP can find counterexamples for mechanisms with subtle bugs for which prior counterexample…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Yuxin Wang , Zeyu Ding , Daniel Kifer , Danfeng Zhang

The increasing competition in the semiconductor industry has created significant pressure to reduce chip prices while maintaining quality and reliability. Functional verification, particularly for configurable IPs, is a major contributor to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shuhang Zhang , Jelena Radulovic , Thorsten Dworzak

Although neural networks are widely used, it remains challenging to formally verify the safety and robustness of neural networks in real-world applications. Existing methods are designed to verify the network before deployment, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Tianhao Wei , Changliu Liu

Virtually all verification techniques using formal methods rely on the availability of a formal specification, which describes the design requirements precisely. However, formulating specifications remains a manual task that is notoriously…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Daniel Neider , Rajarshi Roy

Security of cryptographic protocols can be analysed by creating a model in a formal language and verifying the model in a tool. All such tools focus on the last part of the analysis, verification, and the interpretation of the specification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Roberto Metere , Luca Arnaboldi

Despite the tremendous advances that have been made in the last decade on developing useful machine-learning applications, their wider adoption has been hindered by the lack of strong assurance guarantees that can be made about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-18 He Zhu , Zikang Xiong , Stephen Magill , Suresh Jagannathan

MTProto 2.0 is a suite of cryptographic protocols for instant messaging at the core of the popular Telegram messenger application. In this paper we analyse MTProto 2.0 using the symbolic verifier ProVerif. We provide fully automated proofs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Marino Miculan , Nicola Vitacolonna

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a pivotal mechanism for enhancing the complex reasoning capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, prevailing paradigms typically rely on solitary rollout strategies where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Lingzhuang Sun , Ruitong Liu , Yuxia Zhu , Xiaohan Xu , Jingxuan Wei , Xiangxiang Zhang , Bihui Yu , Wentao Zhang

Automated verification has become an essential part in the security evaluation of cryptographic protocols. In this context privacy-type properties are often modelled by indistinguishability statements, expressed as behavioural equivalences…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Vincent Cheval , Steve Kremer , Itsaka Rakotonirina

Noisy data, non-convex objectives, model misspecification, and numerical instability can all cause undesired behaviors in machine learning systems. As a result, detecting actual implementation errors can be extremely difficult. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Daniel Selsam , Percy Liang , David L. Dill

Efficient verification of entangled states is crucial to many applications in quantum information processing. However, the effectiveness of standard quantum state verification (QSV) is based on the condition of independent and identical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Wen-Hao Zhang , Zihao Li , Gong-Chu Li , Xu-Song Hong , Huangjun Zhu , Geng Chen , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

The importance of information security dramatically increased and will further grow due to the shape and nature of the modern computing industry. Software is published at a continuously increasing pace. The Internet of Things and security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Mattia Paccamiccio , Leonardo Mostarda

To address the challenges of internal security policy compliance and dynamic threat response in organizations, we present a novel framework that integrates artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and smart contracts. We propose a system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Lampis Alevizos , Vinh Thong Ta

Determining if two protocols can be securely composed requires analyzing not only their additive properties but also their destructive properties. In this paper we propose a new composition method for constructing protocols based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-09-01 Bela Genge , Iosif Ignat , Piroska Haller

Although anti-virus software has significantly evolved over the last decade, classic signature matching based on byte patterns is still a prevalent concept for identifying security threats. Anti-virus signatures are a simple and fast…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Christian Wressnegger , Kevin Freeman , Fabian Yamaguchi , Konrad Rieck

Side-channel attacks are a major threat to the security of cryptosystems. Masking is a widely used countermeasure against such attacks, but proving the security of masked algorithms is error-prone without formal verification. In this work,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Satoshi Kura , Katsuyuki Takashima

The increasing use of deep neural networks for safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving and flight control, raises concerns about their safety and reliability. Formal verification can address these concerns by guaranteeing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Lindsey Kuper , Guy Katz , Justin Gottschlich , Kyle Julian , Clark Barrett , Mykel Kochenderfer

With the rise of software-defined vehicles (SDVs), where software governs most vehicle functions alongside enhanced connectivity, the need for secure software updates has become increasingly critical. Software vulnerabilities can severely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Martin Slind Hagen , Emil Lundqvist , Alex Phu , Yenan Wang , Kim Strandberg , Elad Michael Schiller

To provide safety guarantees for learning-based control systems, recent work has developed formal verification methods to apply after training ends. However, if the trained policy does not meet the specifications, or there is conservatism…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-24 Puja Chaudhury , Alexander Estornell , Michael Everett

To develop trustworthy distributed systems, verification techniques and formal methods, including lightweight and practical approaches, have been employed to certify the design or implementation of security protocols. Lightweight formal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Rémi Garcia , Paolo Modesti