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Cancer cells evolve through random somatic mutations. "Beneficial" mutations which disrupt key pathways (e.g. cell cycle regulation) are subject to natural selection. Multiple mutations may lead to the same "beneficial" effect, in which…
It is increasingly common clinically for cancer specimens to be examined using techniques that identify somatic mutations. In principle these mutational profiles can be used to diagnose the tissue of origin, a critical task for the 3-5% of…
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and lethal human cancers. Intra-tumoral genetic heterogeneity poses a significant challenge for treatment. Biopsy is invasive, which motivates the development of non-invasive, MRI-based…
We describe a new multiresolution "nested encoder-decoder" convolutional network architecture and use it to annotate morphological patterns in reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) images of human skin for aiding cancer diagnosis. Skin…
Knowledge of molecular subtypes of gliomas can provide valuable information for tailored therapies. This study aimed to investigate the use of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) for noninvasive glioma subtyping with radiological…
Neuro-oncology poses unique challenges for machine learning due to heterogeneous data and tumor complexity, limiting the ability of foundation models (FMs) to generalize across cohorts. Existing FMs also perform poorly in predicting…
Melanoma is the most malignant skin tumor and usually cancerates from normal moles, which is difficult to distinguish benign from malignant in the early stage. Therefore, many machine learning methods are trying to make auxiliary…
Variation in nuclear size and shape is an important criterion of malignancy for many tumor types; however, categorical estimates by pathologists have poor reproducibility. Measurements of nuclear characteristics (morphometry) can improve…
Morphological attributes from histopathological images and molecular profiles from genomic data are important information to drive diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of cancers. By integrating these heterogeneous but complementary data, many…
Motivation. Cancer heterogeneity is observed at multiple biological levels. To improve our understanding of these differences and their relevance in medicine, approaches to link organ- and tissue-level information from diagnostic images and…
Cancer prognosis is a critical task that involves predicting patient outcomes and survival rates. To enhance prediction accuracy, previous studies have integrated diverse data modalities, such as clinical notes, medical images, and genomic…
Objectives: Distinguishing between radiation necrosis(RN) and metastatic progression is extremely challenging due to their similarity in conventional imaging. This is crucial from a therapeutic point of view as this determines the outcome…
The transcriptomics of cancer tumors are characterized with tens of thousands of gene expression features. Patient prognosis or tumor stage can be assessed by machine learning techniques like supervised classification tasks given a gene…
With an aging and growing population, the number of women requiring either screening or symptomatic mammograms is increasing. To reduce the number of mammograms that need to be read by a radiologist while keeping the diagnostic accuracy the…
Radiomics is an active area of research focusing on high throughput feature extraction from medical images with a wide array of applications in clinical practice, such as clinical decision support in oncology. However, noise in low dose…
Melanoma is a sort of skin cancer that starts in the cells known as melanocytes. It is more dangerous than other types of skin cancer because it can spread to other organs. Melanoma can be fatal if it spreads to other parts of the body.…
Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in rigorous algorithms for the inference of cancer progression from genomic data. The motivations are manifold: (i) growing NGS and single cell data from cancer patients, (ii) need for novel…
Cancer arises from successive rounds of mutations which generate tumor cells with different genomic variation i.e. clones. For drug responsiveness and therapeutics, it is necessary to identify the clones in tumor sample accurately. Many…
Melanoma detection is vital for early diagnosis and effective treatment. While deep learning models on dermoscopic images have shown promise, they require specialized equipment, limiting their use in broader clinical settings. This study…
Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) of Breast Cancer (BRCA) images has been an active area of research in recent years. The main goals of this research is to develop reliable automatic methods for detecting and diagnosing different types of BRCA…