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Thanks to Rosetta orbiter's and Philae lander's data our knowledge of cometary nuclei composition has experienced a great advancement. The properties of 67P/CG nucleus are discussed and compared with other comets explored in the past by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-07 Gianrico Filacchione , Mauro Ciarniello , Sonia Fornasier , Andrea Raponi

Aims. Observations of solar protons near comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) by the Rosetta spacecraft can be modelled by the planar motion in an effective magnetic field proportional to 1/r^2. We aim to provide a thorough study of such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-03 Melaine Saillenfest , Benoît Tabone , Etienne Behar

We present the history of investigation of the dynamical properties of pairs and groups of genetically related long-period comets (other than the Kreutz sungrazing system). Members of a comet pair or group move in nearly identical orbits…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-28 Zdenek Sekanina , Rainer Kracht

We introduce a new technique to estimate the comet nuclear size frequency distribution (SFD) that combines a cometary activity model with a survey simulation and apply it to 150 long period comets (LPC) detected by the Pan-STARRS1…

Context. Centaurs go around the Sun between the orbits of Jupiter and Neptune. Only a fraction of the known centaurs have been found to display comet-like features. Comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 is the most remarkable active centaur. It…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-14 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos , J. Licandro , M. Serra-Ricart , S. Martino , J. de Leon , F. Chaudry , M. R. Alarcon

In June 2021 the discovery of an unusual comet C/2014 UN271 Bernardinelli-Bernstein has been announced. Its cometary activity beyond Uranus orbit also has refreshed interest in similar objects, including C/2017K2 PanSTARRS. Another…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Piotr A. Dybczyński , Małgorzata Królikowska

Comets are primitive objects that formed in the protoplanetary disk, and have been largely preserved over the history of the Solar System. However, they are not pristine, and surfaces of cometary nuclei do evolve. In order to understand the…

The line emission in the coma was measured in the comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and C/2002 T7 (LINEAR), that were observed on five consecutive nights, 7-11 May 2004, at heliocentric distances of 1.0 and 0.7 AU, respectively, by means of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-11-11 M. de Val-Borro , M. Küppers , P. Hartogh , L. Rezac , N. Biver , D. Bockelée-Morvan , J. Crovisier , C. Jarchow , G. L. Villanueva

We present orbital integrations for various Jupiter family comets (JFCs) in the 55 Cancri system. This star is known to possess (at least) five planets with masses ranging from super-Earth to Jupiter-type. Furthermore, according to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-24 Rudolf Dvorak , Birgit Loibnegger , Manfred Cuntz

We present the results of "snapshot" numerical integrations of test particles representing comet-like and asteroid-like objects in the inner solar system aimed at investigating the short-term dynamical evolution of objects close to the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Henry H. Hsieh , Nader Haghighipour

Encke-type comet 332P/Ikeya-Murakami is experiencing cascading fragmentation events during its 2016 apparition. It is likely the first splitting Encke-type comet ever being observed. A nongravitational solution to the astrometry reveals a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-21 Man-To Hui , Quan-Zhi Ye , Paul Wiegert

With orbital periods longer than 200 years, most long-period comets (LPCs) remain undiscovered until they are in-bound towards perihelion. The comets that pass close to Earth's orbit are Potentially Hazardous Objects (PHOs). Those with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-10 Samantha Hemmelgarn , Nicholas Moskovitz , Stuart Pilorz , Peter Jenniskens

Period changes of Delta Scuti stars have been collected or redetermined from the available observations and are compared with values computed from evolutionary models with and without convective core overshooting. For the radial pulsators…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Breger , A. Pamyatnykh

Comets are a rich reservoir of complex organic molecules. Ground and space-based observatories have recently greatly enhanced the cometary molecular inventory. Although these molecules' origin is believed to be the cometary nucleus, they…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-13 Sana Ahmed , Kinsuk Acharyya

We present the results of a search for planetary companions orbiting near hot Jupiter planet candidates (Jupiter-size candidates with orbital periods near 3 days) identified in the Kepler data through its sixth quarter of science…

In this chapter, we provide a review of radiative processes in cometary atmospheres spanning a broad range of wavelengths, from radio to X-rays. We focus on spectral modeling, observational opportunities, and anticipated challenges in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-07 D. Bodewits , B. P. Bonev , M. A. Cordiner , G. L. Villanueva

The rotations of cometary nuclei are known to change in response to outgassing torques. The nucleus of comet 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak exhibited particularly dramatic rotational changes when near perihelion in 2017 April. Here, we use…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 David Jewitt

We report rotation periods, variability characteristics, gyrochronological ages for ~950 of the Kepler Object of Interest host stars. We find a wide dispersion in the amplitude of the photometric variability as a function of rotation,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Lucianne M. Walkowicz , Gibor S. Basri

In a search of proper motion catalogs for common proper motion stars in the field of the Kepler spacecraft I identified 93 likely binary systems. A comparison of their rotation periods is a test of the gyrochronology concept. To find their…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 K. A. Janes

The Rosetta spacecraft accompanied the comet 67P/C-G for nearly 2 years, collecting valuable data on the neutral and ion composition of the coma. The Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC) provided continuous measurements of the in situ plasma…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-13 Sana Ahmed , Vikas Soni