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Given a randomized experiment with binary outcomes, exact confidence intervals for the average causal effect of the treatment can be computed through a series of permutation tests. This approach requires minimal assumptions and is valid for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-19 P. M. Aronow , Haoge Chang , Patrick Lopatto

We address the asymptotic and approximate distributions of a large class of test statistics with quadratic forms used in association studies. The statistics of interest do not necessarily follow a chi-square distribution and take the…

Applications · Statistics 2009-09-24 Liping Tong , Jie Yang , Richard S. Cooper

In contemporary problems involving genetic or neuroimaging data, thousands of hypotheses need to be tested. Due to their high power, and finite sample guarantees on type-I error under weak assumptions, Monte Carlo permutation tests are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-01 Lasse Fischer , Timothy Barry , Aaditya Ramdas

In non-linear estimations, it is common to assess sampling uncertainty by bootstrap inference. For complex models, this can be computationally intensive. This paper combines optimization with resampling: turning stochastic optimization into…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-09 Jean-Jacques Forneron

For a given testing problem, let $U_1,...,U_n$ be individually valid and conditionally on the data i.i.d.\ P-variables (often called P-values). For example, the data could come in groups, and each $U_i$ could be based on subsampling just…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-08-22 Lutz Mattner

Robust classification algorithms have been developed in recent years with great success. We take advantage of this development and recast the classical two-sample test problem in the framework of classification. Based on the estimates of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Haiyan Cai , Bryan Goggin , Qingtang Jiang

In this article, the estimation of reliability of a system is discussed $p(y<x)$ when strength, $X$, and stress, $Y$, are two independent exponential distribution with different scale parameters when the available data are type II Censored…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-01-08 A. M. Abd Elfattah , O. Mohamed Marwa

Independence screening methods such as the two sample $t$-test and the marginal correlation based ranking are among the most widely used techniques for variable selection in ultrahigh dimensional data sets. In this short note, simple…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-17 Run Wang , Somak Dutta , Vivekananda Roy

The most popular multiple testing procedures are stepwise procedures based on $P$-values for individual test statistics. Included among these are the false discovery rate (FDR) controlling procedures of Benjamini--Hochberg [J. Roy. Statist.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-06-18 Arthur Cohen , Harold B. Sackrowitz , Minya Xu

Multiple testing of a single hypothesis and testing multiple hypotheses are usually done in terms of p-values. In this paper we replace p-values with their natural competitor, e-values, which are closely related to betting, Bayes factors,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Vladimir Vovk , Ruodu Wang

In the present paper, we discuss the Pearson, Spearman, Kendall correlation coefficients and their statistical analogues. We propose a new correlation coefficient r and its statistical analogue. The coefficient r is based on Kendal's and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Alexei Stepanov

Combining dependent p-values poses a long-standing challenge in statistical inference, particularly when aggregating findings from multiple methods to enhance signal detection. Recently, p-value combination tests based on regularly…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-22 Lin Gui , Yuchao Jiang , Jingshu Wang

The asymptotic efficiency, ARE_{p,2}, of the tests for multivariate means theta in \R^d based on the p-means relative to the standard 2-mean, (approximate) likelihood ratio test (LRT), is considered for large dimensions d. It turns out that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-06-04 Iosif Pinelis

The computational complexity of simultaneous inference methods in high-dimensional linear regression models quickly increases with the number variables. This paper proposes a computationally efficient method based on the Moore-Penrose…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Tom Boot , Didier Nibbering

Statistical techniques are used in all branches of science to determine the feasibility of quantitative hypotheses. One of the most basic applications of statistical techniques in comparative analysis is the test of equality of two…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-01 Ayanendranath Basu , Abhijit Mandal , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

We demonstrate how to test for conditional independence of two variables with categorical data using Poisson log-linear models. The size of the conditioning set of variables can vary from 0 (simple independence) up to many variables. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-08 Michail Tsagris

In this paper, I present three closed-form approximations of the two-sample Pearson Bayes factor, a recently developed index of evidential value for data in two-group designs. The techniques rely on some classical asymptotic results about…

Computation · Statistics 2026-01-14 Thomas J. Faulkenberry

Pearson's correlation is an important summary measure of the amount of dependence between two variables. It is natural to want to generalise the concept of correlation as a single number that measures the inter-relatedness of three or more…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-03-06 Benjamin M. Taylor

We investigate the validity of two resampling techniques when carrying out inference on the underlying unknown copula using a recently proposed class of smooth, possibly data-adaptive nonparametric estimators that contains empirical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-16 Ivan Kojadinovic , Bingqing Yi

In Bayesian statistics, the marginal likelihood (ML) is the key ingredient needed for model comparison and model averaging. Unfortunately, estimating MLs accurately is notoriously difficult, especially for models where posterior simulation…

Computation · Statistics 2023-12-12 Dennis Christensen , Per August Jarval Moen