Related papers: Polarization of gravitational waves in general tel…
We discuss the propagation of gravitational waves in a recently discussed class of theories containing N >= 2 metric tensors and a corresponding number of standard model copies. Using the formalism of gauge-invariant linear perturbation…
In this paper, we study the gravitational wave polarization modes for some particular $f(R)$ models using Newman-Penrose formalism. We find two extra scalar modes of gravitational wave (longitudinal and transversal modes) in addition to two…
We find polarization modes of gravitational waves in topologically massive and new massive gravities by using the Newman-Penrose formalism where the null real tetrad is necessary to specify gravitational waves. The number of polarization…
Extended Theories of Gravity are considered as a new approach for solving the infrared and ultraviolet scale problems of the Standard Theory of Gravity (General Relativity). Observational evidence of gravitational waves and subsequent…
We investigate propagation of gravitational waves in the most general teleparallel gravity model with second order field equations around the Minkowski background. We argue that in this case the most general Lagrangian at the first order of…
The formalism of the exact six polarization modes of gravitational waves is constructed in terms of both the small metric perturbations and the Newman-Penrose scalars. The obtained formulae are applicable to any metric-compatible gravity…
Teleparallel theory of gravity and its modifications have been studied extensively in literature. However, gravitational waves has not been studied enough in the framework of teleparallelism. In the present study, we discuss gravitational…
The direct observation of gravitational waves (GWs) in the near future, and the corresponding determination of the number of independent polarizations, is a powerful tool to test general relativity and alternative theories of gravity. In…
Cosmological Gravitational Waves (GWs) are usually associated with the transverse-traceless part of the metric perturbations in the context of the theory of cosmological perturbations. These modes are just the usual polarizations `+' and…
We point out that there are only three polarizations for gravitational waves in $f(R)$ gravity, and the polarization due to the massive scalar mode is a mix of the pure longitudinal and transverse breathing polarization. The classification…
In this paper, we establish a unified parameterized framework for analyzing the polarization modes of gravitational waves in the general metric theory (gravity is only described by the metric) and the general scalar-tensor theory (gravity…
In this paper, we investigate the polarization modes of gravitational waves within the most general symmetric teleparallel gravity theory that allows for second-order field equations We consider both scenarios where test particles either…
Using the Newman-Penrose formalism, we obtain the explicit expressions for the polarization modes of weak, plane gravitational waves with a massive graviton. Our analysis is restricted for a specific bimetric theory whose term of mass, for…
Symmetric teleparallel gravity (STG) offers an interesting third geometric interpretation of gravitation besides its formulation in terms of a spacetime metric and Levi-Civita connection or its teleparallel formulation. It describes gravity…
We derive the gravitational waves for $f\left(T, B\right)$ gravity, an extension of teleparallel gravity containing the torsion scalar $T$ and the boundary term $B$, and demonstrate that it is equivalent to $f(R)$ gravity. Gravitational…
A gauge-invariant formulation for the gravitational wave equations is presented. Using this approach, weak, plane wave solutions in a vacuum are derived in various theories. These include general relativity with two modes of polarization…
We study the polarizations of gravitational waves (GWs) in two classes of extended gravity theories. First, we formulate the polarizations in linear massive gravity (MG) with generic mass terms of non-Fierz-Pauli type by identifying all the…
General relativity predicts the existence of only two tensorial gravitational wave polarizations, while a generic metric theories of gravity can possess up to four additional polarizations, including two vector and two scalar ones. These…
In the general theory of relativity, gravitational waves have two possible polarizations, which are transverse and traceless with helicity $\pm 2$. Some alternatives theories contain additional helicity $0$ and helicity $\pm 1$ polarization…
Many studies have been carried out in the literature to evaluate the number of polarization modes of gravitational waves in modified theories, in particular in $f(R)$ theories. In the latter ones, besides the usual two transverse-traceless…