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The habitable zone is the circumstellar region in which a terrestrial-mass planet with an atmosphere can sustain liquid water on its surface. However, despite the usefulness of this concept, it is being found to be increasingly limiting in…
Air curtains are installed in open doorways of a building to reduce buoyancy-driven exchange flows across the doorway. Although an air curtain allows an unhampered passage of humans and vehicles, the interaction of this traffic with an air…
In many biological and small scale technological applications particles may transiently bind to a cylindrical surface. In between two binding events the particles diffuse in the bulk, thus producing an effective translation on the cylinder…
Planets similar to Earth - but slightly more irradiated - are expected to enter into a runaway greenhouse state, where all surface water rapidly evaporates, forming an optically thick H2O-dominated atmosphere. For Earth, this extreme…
The habitable zone is the main tool that mission architectures utilize to select potentially habitable planets for follow up spectroscopic observation. Given its importance, the precise size and location of the habitable zone remains a hot…
Flat beams are preferred in high-intensity accelerators and high-energy colliders due to one of the transverse plane emittances being much smaller than the other, which enhances luminosity and beam brightness. However, flat beams are not…
Light emitting diode (LED) based visible light positioning (VLP) networks can provide accurate location information in indoor environments. In this manuscript, we propose to employ cooperative localization for visible light networks by…
It has been seen recently that when probing a nanoscale object to determine, for example, size or position via light scattering, significant advantage in measurement precision can be gained from exploiting phase singularities in a…
An integral equation-based numerical method for scattering from multi-dielectric cylinders is presented. Electromagnetic fields are represented via layer potentials in terms of surface densities with physical interpretations. The existence…
Starting from a solution of the problem of a mechanical oscillator coupled to a scalar field inside a reflecting sphere of radius $R$, we study the behaviour of the system in free space as the limit of an arbitrarily large radius in the…
This paper presents an experimental evaluation on the accuracy of indoor localisation. The research was carried out as part of a European Union project targeting the creation of ICT solutions for older adult care. Current expectation is…
A neutron optical transport system is proposed which comprises nested short elliptical mirrors located halfway between two common focal points M and M'. It images cold neutrons from a diverging beam or a source with finite size at M by…
Metamaterial cloaking has been proposed and studied in recent years following several interesting approaches. One of them, the scattering-cancellation technique, or plasmonic cloaking, exploits the plasmonic effects of suitably designed…
Light localization and intensity enhancement in a woodpile layer-by-layer photonic crystal, whose interlayer distance along the propagation direction is gradually varied, has been theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated. The…
An equilibrium model is presented for a hydrostatic isothermal hot gas distribution in a gravitational well of a giant elliptical galaxy immersed in a massive dark halo. The self-consistently determined gravitational potential of the system…
Dark-field illumination is shown to make planar chiral nanoparticle arrangements exhibit circular dichroism in extinction analogous to true chiral scatterers. Circular dichrosim is experimentally observed at the maximum scattering of single…
Incoherent light is ubiquitous, yet designing optical devices that can handle its random nature is very challenging, since directly averaging over many incoherent incident beams can require a huge number of scattering calculations. We show…
Relying on atomic scattering factors from evaluated databases, a new model for the reflectivity of x rays on solid surfaces has been developed for FLUKA v4-6.0. This model accounts for the variation of reflectivity as a function of the…
Self-assembly plays an essential role in many natural processes, involving the formation and evolution of living or non-living structures, and shows potential applications in many emerging domains. In existing research and practice, there…
The Sun's gradual brightening will seriously compromise the Earth's biosphere within ~ 1E9 years. If Earth's orbit migrates outward, however, the biosphere could remain intact over the entire main-sequence lifetime of the Sun. In this…