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The Trojan asteroids of Jupiter and Neptune are likely to have been captured from original heliocentric orbits in the dynamically excited ("hot") population of the Kuiper belt. However, it has long been known that the optical color…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 David Jewitt

The origins of the colours of Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) represent a crucial unresolved question, central to understanding the history of our Solar System. Recent observational surveys revealed correlations between the eccentricity and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-09 Benjamin L. Davis , Mohamad Ali-Dib , Yujia Zheng , Zehao Jin , Kun Zhang , Andrea Valerio Macciò

The origins of the colors of Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) represent a crucial unresolved question, central to understanding the history of our Solar System. Recent observational surveys have revealed correlations between the eccentricity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Benjamin L. Davis , Mohamad Ali-Dib , Yujia Zheng , Zehao Jin , Kun Zhang , Andrea Valerio Macciò

In 2018, Jewitt identified the "The Trojan Color Conundrum", namely that Neptune's Trojan asteroids (NTs) had no ultra-red members, unlike the the nearby Kuiper Belt. Since then, numerous ultra-red NTs have been discovered, seemingly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-21 Larissa Markwardt , Hsing Wen Lin , David Gerdes , Fred C. Adams

We present results examining the fate of the Trojan clouds produced in our previous work. We find that the stability of Neptunian Trojans seems to be strongly correlated to their initial post-migration orbital elements, with those objects…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-16 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Jonathan Horner , Barrie W. Jones , Tadashi Mukai

The Neptune Trojans are the most recently discovered population of small bodies in the Solar System. To date, only eight have been discovered, though it is thought likely that the total population at least rivals that of the asteroid belt.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-02 Jonathan Horner , Patryk Sofia Lykawka

Of the four giant planets in the Solar system, only Jupiter and Neptune are currently known to possess swarms of Trojan asteroids - small objects that experience a 1:1 mean motion resonance with their host planet. In Lykawka et al. (2009),…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-10-11 P. S. Lykawka , J. Horner

Neptunian Trojans (NTs), trans-Neptunian objects in 1:1 mean-motion resonance with Neptune, are generally thought to have been captured from the original trans-Neptunian protoplanetary disk into co-orbital resonance with the ice giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-22 B. T. Bolin , C. Fremling , A. Morbidelli , K. S. Noll , J. van Roestel , E. K. Deibert , M. Delbo , G. Gimeno , J. -E. Heo , C. M. Lisse , T. Seccull , H. Suh

We present the spectral characterization of Jupiter Trojans using data from the Gaia mission DR3 spectral catalog (320 spectra of good quality) and from the literature. Gaia spectrophotometry is available in 16 spectrophotometric points…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-22 Sonia Fornasier , Noemie El-Bez-Sebastien

In this work, we present 0.7-5.0 {\mu}m spectra of eight Neptunian Trojans (NTs) as observed by the JWST's NIRSpec instrument. The reddest NT, 2013 VX30, exhibits a unique spectrum with strong absorption features between 3 - 4 {\mu}m, while…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Larissa Markwardt , Hsing Wen Lin , Bryan J. Holler , David W. Gerdes , Fred C. Adams , Renu Malhotra , Kevin J. Napier

We present the discovery of a long-term stable L5 (trailing) Neptune Trojan in data acquired to search for candidate Trans-Neptunian objects for the New Horizons spacecraft to fly by during an extended post-Pluto mission. This Neptune…

The Jupiter Trojans are a significant population of minor bodies in the middle Solar System that have garnered substantial interest in recent years. Several spectroscopic studies of these objects have revealed notable bimodalities with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-12 Ian Wong , Michael E. Brown , Joshua P. Emery

The Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) may preserve evidence of planet building in their orbital and size-distributions. While all populations show steep size-distributions for large objects, recently relative deficit of Neptunian Trojans and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Mike Alexandersen , Brett Gladman , J. J. Kavelaars , Jean-Marc Petit , Stephen Gwyn , Cory Shankman

One of the most enigmatic and hitherto unexplained properties of Jupiter Trojans is their bimodal color distribution. This bimodality is indicative of two sub-populations within the Trojans, which have distinct size distributions. In this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 Ian Wong , Michael E. Brown

Collisional families offer a unique window into the interior composition of asteroid populations. Previous dynamical studies of the Jupiter Trojans have uncovered a handful of potential collisional families, two of which have been…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-19 Ian Wong , Michael E. Brown

The minor planets on orbits that are dynamically stable in Neptune's 1:1 resonance on Gyr timescales were likely emplaced by Neptune's outward migration. We explore the intrinsic libration amplitude, eccentricity, and inclination…

We investigate the origins of the photometrically Very Red and Less Red Trans-Neptunian Objects. We first reanalyse the dataset of Marsset et al. 2019 and find that, in addition to the known color-inclination correlation in hot TNOs, a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-23 Mohamad Ali-Dib , Michael Marsset , Wing-Cheung Wong , Rola Dbouk

Neptune Trojans and Plutinos are two subpopulations of trans-Neptunian objects located in the 1:1 and the 3:2 mean motion resonances with Neptune, respectively, and therefore protected from close encounters with the planet. However, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-02 A. J. C. Almeida , N. Peixinho , A. C. M. Correia

The Jovian Trojans are two swarms of objects located around the L$_4$ and L$_5$ Lagrange points. The population is thought to have been captured by Jupiter during the Solar system's youth. Within the swarms, six collisional families have…

An important testable prediction of dynamical instability models for the early evolution of the Solar System is that Jupiter Trojans share a source population with the Kuiper belt. Concrete evidence of this prediction remains elusive, as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-01 Matthew Belyakov , Michael E. Brown , Alya al-Kibbi
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