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Although transformer architectures have achieved state-of-the-art performance across diverse domains, their quadratic computational complexity with respect to sequence length remains a significant bottleneck, particularly for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zeyu Liu , Souvik Kundu , Lianghao Jiang , Anni Li , Srikanth Ronanki , Sravan Bodapati , Gourav Datta , Peter A. Beerel

In-context learning with attention enables large neural networks to make context-specific predictions by selectively focusing on relevant examples. Here, we adapt this idea to supervised learning procedures such as lasso regression and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-11 Erin Craig , Robert Tibshirani

Sequence-to-Sequence (seq2seq) modeling has rapidly become an important general-purpose NLP tool that has proven effective for many text-generation and sequence-labeling tasks. Seq2seq builds on deep neural language modeling and inherits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Sam Wiseman , Alexander M. Rush

Today the pre-trained language models achieve great success for question generation (QG) task and significantly outperform traditional sequence-to-sequence approaches. However, the pre-trained models treat the input passage as a flat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Zichen Wu , Xin Jia , Fanyi Qu , Yunfang Wu

Central to the success of Transformers is the attention block, which effectively models global dependencies among input tokens associated to a dataset. However, we theoretically demonstrate that standard attention mechanisms in transformers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hemanth Saratchandran

Sequence modeling has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on natural language and document understanding tasks. However, it is challenging to correctly serialize tokens in form-like documents in practice due to their variety of layout…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Chen-Yu Lee , Chun-Liang Li , Timothy Dozat , Vincent Perot , Guolong Su , Nan Hua , Joshua Ainslie , Renshen Wang , Yasuhisa Fujii , Tomas Pfister

Recurrent neural network architectures combining with attention mechanism, or neural attention model, have shown promising performance recently for the tasks including speech recognition, image caption generation, visual question answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-04 Sheng-syun Shen , Hung-yi Lee

Attention mechanisms are ubiquitous components in neural architectures applied to natural language processing. In addition to yielding gains in predictive accuracy, attention weights are often claimed to confer interpretability, purportedly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Danish Pruthi , Mansi Gupta , Bhuwan Dhingra , Graham Neubig , Zachary C. Lipton

Categorizing source codes accurately and efficiently is a challenging problem in real-world programming education platform management. In recent years, model-based approaches utilizing abstract syntax trees (ASTs) have been widely applied…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Ziyang Xiang , Zaixi Zhang , Qi Liu

In language processing, training data with extremely large variance may lead to difficulty in the language model's convergence. It is difficult for the network parameters to adapt sentences with largely varied semantics or grammatical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Yunhao Yang , Zhaokun Xue

Sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models have been widely used for natural language processing, computer vision, and other deep learning tasks. We find that seq2seq models trained with early-stopping suffer from issues at the token level. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Guangsheng Bao , Zhiyang Teng , Yue Zhang

Sequential Recommendation (SR) focuses on personalizing user experiences by predicting future preferences based on historical interactions. Transformer models, with their attention mechanisms, have become the dominant architecture in SR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yuli Liu , Wenjun Kong , Cheng Luo , Weizhi Ma

StyleGANs have shown impressive results on data generation and manipulation in recent years, thanks to its disentangled style latent space. A lot of efforts have been made in inverting a pretrained generator, where an encoder is trained ad…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Ligong Han , Sri Harsha Musunuri , Martin Renqiang Min , Ruijiang Gao , Yu Tian , Dimitris Metaxas

Diverse and accurate vision+language modeling is an important goal to retain creative freedom and maintain user engagement. However, adequately capturing the intricacies of diversity in language models is challenging. Recent works commonly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Jyoti Aneja , Harsh Agrawal , Dhruv Batra , Alexander Schwing

Efficient attention mechanisms enable long-context transformers but often miss globally important tokens, degrading modeling quality. We introduce a pre-scoring framework that assigns a query-independent global importance prior to keys…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhexiang Li , Haoyu Wang , Yutong Bao , David Woodruff

We describe an attentive encoder that combines tree-structured recursive neural networks and sequential recurrent neural networks for modelling sentence pairs. Since existing attentive models exert attention on the sequential structure, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Yao Zhou , Cong Liu , Yan Pan

Linear-attention models that compress the entire input sequence into a fixed-size recurrent state offer an efficient alternative to Transformers, but their finite memory induces forgetfulness that harms retrieval-intensive tasks. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mutian He , Philip N. Garner

The Transformer is a sequence model that forgoes traditional recurrent architectures in favor of a fully attention-based approach. Besides improving performance, an advantage of using attention is that it can also help to interpret a model…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Jesse Vig

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on a variety of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, they often struggle with long-text sequences due to the ``lost in the middle'' phenomenon. This issue has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zewen Qiang , Sendong Zhao , Haochun Wang , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

In-context learning is a remarkable property of transformers and has been the focus of recent research. An attention mechanism is a key component in transformers, in which an attention matrix encodes relationships between words in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Katsuyuki Hagiwara