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Continual learning systems operating in fixed-dimensional spaces face a fundamental geometric barrier: the flat manifold problem. When experience is represented as a linear trajectory in Euclidean space, the geodesic distance between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xin Li

We present an isogeometric analysis technique that builds on manifold-based smooth basis functions for geometric modelling and analysis. Manifold-based surface construction techniques are well known in geometric modelling and a number of…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Musabbir Majeed , Fehmi Cirak

The geometry of weight spaces and functional manifolds of neural networks play an important role towards 'understanding' the intricacies of ML. In this paper, we attempt to solve certain open questions in ML, by viewing them through the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Guruprasad Raghavan , Matt Thomson

There has been an emerging trend in non-Euclidean statistical analysis of aiming to recover a low dimensional structure, namely a manifold, underlying the high dimensional data. Recovering the manifold requires the noise to be of certain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-11 Zhigang Yao , Yuqing Xia

Representing images and videos with Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices and considering the Riemannian geometry of the resulting space has proven beneficial for many recognition tasks. Unfortunately, computation on the Riemannian…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Mehrtash T. Harandi , Mathieu Salzmann , Richard Hartley

Despite high-dimensionality of images, the sets of images of 3D objects have long been hypothesized to form low-dimensional manifolds. What is the nature of such manifolds? How do they differ across objects and object classes? Answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Benjamin Beaudett , Shenyuan Liang , Anuj Srivastava

Latent manifolds of autoencoders provide low-dimensional representations of data, which can be studied from a geometric perspective. We propose to describe these latent manifolds as implicit submanifolds of some ambient latent space. Based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Florine Hartwig , Josua Sassen , Juliane Braunsmann , Martin Rumpf , Benedikt Wirth

This paper presents a novel non-linear model reduction method: Probabilistic Manifold Decomposition (PMD), which provides a powerful framework for constructing non-intrusive reduced-order models (ROMs) by embedding a high-dimensional system…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Jiaming Guo , Dunhui Xiao

Latent space geometry provides a rigorous and empirically valuable framework for interacting with the latent variables of deep generative models. This approach reinterprets Euclidean latent spaces as Riemannian through a pull-back metric,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-15 Stas Syrota , Pablo Moreno-Muñoz , Søren Hauberg

We provide a theory of manifold-valued rough paths of bounded 3 > p-variation, which we do not assume to be geometric. Rough paths are defined in charts, and coordinate-free (but connection-dependent) definitions of the rough integral of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-09-01 John Armstrong , Damiano Brigo , Thomas Cass , Emilio Ferrucci

The reconstruction of a high resolution image given a low resolution observation is an ill-posed inverse problem in imaging. Deep learning methods rely on training data to learn an end-to-end mapping from a low-resolution input to a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Iman Marivani , Evaggelia Tsiligianni , Bruno Cornelis , Nikos Deligiannis

This article introduces a novel, geometric approach for multi-manifold clustering (MMC), i.e. for clustering a collection of potentially intersecting, d-dimensional manifolds into the individual manifold components. We first compute a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-16 Haoyu Chen , Anna Little , Akin Narayan

Representation learning is typically applied to only one mode of a data matrix, either its rows or columns. Yet in many applications, there is an underlying geometry to both the rows and the columns. We propose utilizing this coupled…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-17 Gal Mishne , Eric C. Chi , Ronald R. Coifman

Manifold learning techniques seek to discover structure-preserving mappings of high-dimensional data into low-dimensional spaces. While the new sets of coordinates specified by these mappings can closely parameterize the data, they are…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Samuel E. Otto , Clarence W. Rowley

We consider the problem of reconstructing an embedding of a compact connected Riemannian manifold in a Euclidean space up to an almost isometry, given the information on intrinsic distances between points from its ``sufficiently large''…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Nikita Puchkin , Vladimir Spokoiny , Eugene Stepanov , Dario Trevisan

Flow matching has emerged as a simulation-free alternative to diffusion-based generative modeling, producing samples by solving an ODE whose time-dependent velocity field is learned along an interpolation between a simple source…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-10 Shivam Kumar , Yixin Wang , Lizhen Lin

A random dot product graph (RDPG) is a generative model for networks in which vertices correspond to positions in a latent Euclidean space and edge probabilities are determined by the dot products of the latent positions. We consider RDPGs…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-28 Michael W. Trosset , Mingyue Gao , Minh Tang , Carey E. Priebe

Recent literature has shown that symbolic data, such as text and graphs, is often better represented by points on a curved manifold, rather than in Euclidean space. However, geometrical operations on manifolds are generally more complicated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Max Aalto , Nakul Verma

A fundamental problem in supervised learning is to find a good set of features or distance measures. If the new set of features is of lower dimensionality and can be obtained by a simple transformation of the original data, they can make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Anri Patron , Ayush Prasad , Hoang Phuc Hau Luu , Kai Puolamäki

This paper presents the geometric aspect of the autoencoder framework, which, despite its importance, has been relatively less recognized. Given a set of high-dimensional data points that approximately lie on some lower-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Yonghyeon Lee