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Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems are NP-hard problems and many real-world problems can be formulated as QUBO. Currently there are no algorithms known that can solve arbitrary instances of NP-hard problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Christian Münch , Fritz Schinkel , Sebastian Zielinski , Stefan Walter

We present a heuristic algorithm designed to solve Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems efficiently. The algorithm, referred to as IC-D2S, leverages a hybrid approach using Ising and classical machines to address very…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Armin Abdollahi , Mehdi Kamal , Massoud Pedram

Modern quantum annealers can find high-quality solutions to combinatorial optimisation objectives given as quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation (QUBO) problems. Unfortunately, obtaining suitable QUBO forms in computer vision remains…

Quantum annealing has the potential to find low energy solutions of NP-hard problems that can be expressed as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problems. However, the hardware of the quantum annealer manufactured by D-Wave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-22 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev

Quantum computers show potential for achieving computational advantage over classical computers, with many candidate applications in combinatorial optimisation. We present an application level benchmarking framework for near-term quantum…

Quantum annealing is a method developed to solve combinatorial optimization problems by utilizing quantum bits. Solving such problems corresponds to minimizing a cost function defined over binary variables. However, in many practical cases,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Seiya Endo , Shohei Kawakatsu , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Kohei Suzuki , Yuichiro Matsuzaki

Recent demonstrations on specialized benchmarks have reignited excitement for quantum computers, yet whether they can deliver an advantage for practical real-world problems remains an open question. Here, we show that probabilistic…

Mixed discrete-continuous optimization is central to engineering design, where discrete choices interact with continuous fields. These problems are difficult due to high-dimensional, complex search spaces. To tackle them, Quantum Annealing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Fabian Key , Lukas Freinberger , Mayu Muramatsu , Norbert Hosters

We propose a new method for solving binary optimization problems under inequality constraints using a quantum annealer. To deal with inequality constraints, we often use slack variables, as in previous approaches. When we use slack…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-14 Kouki Yonaga , Masamichi J. Miyama , Masayuki Ohzeki

Parallel Quantum Annealing is a technique to solve multiple optimization problems simultaneously. Parallel quantum annealing aims to optimize the utilization of available qubits on a quantum topology by addressing multiple independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-12 Arit Kumar Bishwas , Anuraj Som , Saurabh Choudhary

Critical decision-making issues in science, engineering, and industry are based on combinatorial optimization; however, its application is inherently limited by the NP-hard nature of the problem. A specialized paradigm of analogue quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Rudraksh Sharma , Ravi Katukam , Arjun Nagulapally

This tutorial offers a quick, hands-on introduction to solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models on currently available quantum computers and their simulators. We cover both IBM and D-Wave machines: IBM utilizes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Arul Mazumder , Sridhar Tayur

In this note, we describe an experiment on portfolio optimization using the Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulation. The dataset we use is taken from a real-world problem for which a classical solution is currently…

Quantum annealing is a heuristic optimization algorithm that exploits quantum evolution to approximately find lowest energy states. Quantum annealers have scaled up in recent years to tackle increasingly larger and more highly connected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Humberto Munoz Bauza , Daniel A. Lidar

Stochastic Unit Commitment (SUC) has been proposed to manage the uncertainties driven by renewable integration, but it leads to significant computational complexity. When accelerated by Benders Decomposition (BD), the master problem becomes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Wei Hong , Wangkun Xu , Fei Teng

Quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) is a standard tool for classification due to its simplicity and flexibility. Because the number of its parameters scales quadratically with the number of the variables, QDA is not practical, however,…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-06 Binyan Jiang , Xiangyu Wang , Chenlei Leng

Quantum annealers provide an effective framework for solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems. This work presents a novel methodology for training Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) by reformulating the parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Ernesto Acosta , Guillermo Botella , Carlos Cano

In a recent study (Ref. [1]), quantum annealing was reported to exhibit a scaling advantage for approximately solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO). However, this claim critically depends on the choice of classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 J. Pawlowski , P. Tarasiuk , J. Tuziemski , L. Pawela , B. Gardas

In this paper, we develop a way to encode several NP-Complete problems in Abstract Argumentation to Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems. In this form, a solution for a QUBO problem involves minimizing a quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-10 Marco Baioletti , Francesco Santini

Experiments on disordered alloys suggest that spin glasses can be brought into low-energy states faster by annealing quantum fluctuations than by conventional thermal annealing. Due to the importance of spin glasses as a paradigmatic…