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This article offers an extensive survey of results obtained using hybrid photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) which constitute one of the most active research fields in contemporary fiber optics. The ability to integrate novel and functional…

Photonic time crystals are a class of artificial materials that have only recently been explored. They are characterized by the ultrafast modulation of the material properties in time, causing a momentum bandgap for light that propagates…

The diffractive nature of light has limited optics and photonics to operate at scales much larger than the wavelength of light. The major challenge in scaling-down integrated photonics is how to mold the light flow below diffraction-limit…

Optics · Physics 2007-12-27 Seunghoon Han , Yi Xiong , Dentcho Genov , Zhaowei Liu , Guy Bartal , Xiang Zhang

We uncover a strong coupling between nonlinearity and diffraction in a photonic crystal at the supercollimation point. We show this is modeled by a nonlinear diffraction term in a nonlinear schroedinger type equation, in which the…

Nonlinear metasurfaces offer a new paradigm to realize optical nonlinear devices with new and unparalleled behavior compared to nonlinear crystals, due to the interplay between photonic resonances and materials properties. The complicated…

Time crystals are an eagerly sought phase of matter with broken time-translation symmetry. Quantum time crystals with discretely broken time-translation symmetry have been demonstrated in trapped ions, atoms and spins while continuously…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-03 Tongjun Liu , Jun-Yu Ou , Kevin F. MacDonald , Nikolay I. Zheludev

Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) are highly anisotropic optical materials that behave as metals or as dielectrics depending on the direction of propagation of light. They are becoming essential for a plethora of applications, ranging from…

We introduce a novel photonic neural network using photonic crystal fibers, leveraging femtosecond pulse supercontinuum generation for optical computing. Investigating its efficacy across machine learning tasks, we uncover the crucial…

Optics · Physics 2024-03-13 Azka Maula Iskandar Muda , Uğur Teğin

We study propagation of light in square and hexagonal two-dimensional photonic crystals. We show, that slabs of these crystals focus light with subwavelength resolution. We propose a systematic way to increase this resolution, at an…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 X. Wang , Z. F. Ren , K. Kempa

Engineering the optical properties using artificial nanostructured media known as metamaterials has led to breakthrough devices with capabilities from super-resolution imaging to invisibility. In this article, we review metamaterials for…

Optics · Physics 2013-09-24 C. L. Cortes , W. Newman , S. Molesky , Z. Jacob

This paper reviews the field of extreme nonlinear optics in optical fibers, highlighting key phenomena and advancements. It discusses multiple ionization effects caused by femtosecond laser pulses that generate plasma and induce permanent…

We present a formal demonstration that light can simultaneously exhibit a superfluid behavior and spatial long-range order when propagating in a photonic crystal with self-focussing nonlinearity. In this way, light presents the…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2017-07-11 Albert Ferrando , Miguel Ángel García-March , Mario Zacarés

Topology is a powerful framework for controlling and manipulating light, minimizing detrimental perturbations on the photonic properties. Combining nanophotonics with topological concepts presents opportunities for both fundamental physics…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-29 Grazia Salerno

The nonlinear component of the optomechanical interaction between light and mechanical vibration promises many exciting classical and quantum mechanical applications, but is generally weak. Here we demonstrate enhancement of nonlinear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-21 Roel Burgwal , Ewold Verhagen

Superpositions of coherent light states, are vital for quantum technologies. However, restrictions in existing state preparation and characterization schemes, in combination with decoherence effects, prevent their intensity enhancement and…

Silicon photonics has been studied as an integratable optical platform where numerous applicable devices and systems are created based on modern physics and state-of-the-art nanotechnologies. The implementation of quantum mechanics has been…

Optics · Physics 2021-10-01 Changqing Wang , Zhoutian Fu , Lan Yang

We provide an introduction to complex photonic media, that is, composite materials with spatial inhomogeneities that are distributed over length scales comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of light. This blossoming field is firmly…

Optics · Physics 2015-04-28 Willem L. Vos , Ad Lagendijk , Allard P. Mosk

Hyperuniform disorder is a type of correlated disorder characterized by vanishing spectral density at small wavevectors, making the configuration effectively homogeneous on long length scales. In photonics, hyperuniform disorder is…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-05 Zeyu Zhang , Koorosh Sadri , Brian Gould , Mikael Rechtsman

Metasurfaces -- ultrathin structures composed of subwavelength optical elements -- have revolutionized light manipulation by enabling precise control over electromagnetic waves' amplitude, phase, polarization, and spectral properties.…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-15 Charles Roques-Carmes , Kai Wang , Yuanmu Yang , Arka Majumdar , Zin Lin

Moving media break time-reversal symmetry and exhibit intriguing optical nonreciprocity. This nonreciprocity is usually weak due to the much lower moving speed of media relative to the speed of light. We demonstrate that strong optical…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-13 Hengzhi Li , Wanyue Xiao , Junho Jung , Hao Pan , Shubo Wang