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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults. While screening reduces the risk of blindness, traditional imaging is often costly and inaccessible. Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms present a…
Accurate quantification in positron emission tomography (PET) is essential for accurate diagnostic results and effective treatment tracking. A major issue encountered in PET imaging is attenuation. Attenuation refers to the diminution of…
We review, systematize and discuss models of diffusion in neuronal tissue, by putting them into an overarching physical context of coarse-graining over an increasing diffusion length scale. From this perspective, we view research on…
Polarized light microscopy provides high contrast to birefringent specimen and is widely used as a diagnostic tool in pathology. However, polarization microscopy systems typically operate by analyzing images collected from two or more light…
The scattering of polarized light incident from one dielectric medium on its two-dimensional randomly rough interface with a second dielectric medium is studied. A reduced Rayleigh equation for the scattering amplitudes is derived for the…
Underwater vision suffers from severe effects due to selective attenuation and scattering when light propagates through water. Such degradation not only affects the quality of underwater images but limits the ability of vision tasks.…
We consider the acousto-optic effect in a random medium. We derive the radiative transport equations that describe the propagation of multiply-scattered light in a medium whose dielectric permittivity is modulated by an acoustic wave. Using…
The suitability of using the angular peak shape of the coherent backscattered light for estimating the light transport parameters of biological media has been investigated. Milk and methylene blue doped milk were used as tissue phantoms for…
When light propagates through opaque material, the spatial information it holds becomes scrambled, but not necessarily lost. Two classes of techniques have emerged to recover this information: methods relying on optical memory effects, and…
The study of the interaction between laser and brain tissue has important theoretical and practical significance for brain imaging. A two-dimensional simulation model that studies the propagation of light and heat transfer in brain tissue…
A number of disordered systems exhibit local anisotropy in the fractal or multifractal correlation and in the resulting scaling behavior, which contain wealth of information on the system. Here, we demonstrate that the spatial dielectric…
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) plays a critical role in studying microstructural changes in the brain. It is, therefore, widely used in clinical practice; yet progress in learning general-purpose representations from dMRI has…
We report polarization tomography experiments on metallic nanohole arrays with square and hexagonal symmetry. As a main result, we find that a fully polarized input beam is partly depolarized after transmission through a nanohole array.…
The ability to perceive polarization-related entoptic phenomena arises from the dichroism of macular pigments held in Henle's fiber layer of the retina and can be inhibited by retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, which…
Scattering often limits the controlled delivery of light in applications such as biomedical imaging, optogenetics, optical trapping, and fiber-optic communication or imaging. Such scattering can be controlled by appropriately shaping the…
While the absorption of light is ubiquitous in nature and in applications, the question remains how absorption modifies the transmission channels in random media. We present a numerical study on the effects of optical absorption on the…
The vectorial evolution of polarized light interaction with a medium can reveal its microstructure and anisotropy beyond what can be obtained from scalar light interaction. Anisotropic properties (diattenuation, retardance, and…
For isotropic media, the magnetic field applied across the light propagation direction affects their optical properties only in the second order, and its effect proves to be much weaker than in the longitudinal field. In this work, we show…
For developing a detailed network model of the brain based on image reconstructions, it is necessary to spatially resolve crossing nerve fibers. The accuracy hereby depends on many factors, including the spatial resolution of the imaging…
Mapping the intricate network of nerve fibers is crucial for understanding brain function. Three-Dimensional Polarized Light Imaging (3D-PLI) and Computational Scattered Light Imaging (ComSLI) map dense nerve fibers in brain sections with…