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3D-Polarized Light Imaging (3D-PLI) reconstructs nerve fibers in histological brain sections by measuring their birefringence. This study investigates another effect caused by the optical anisotropy of brain tissue - diattenuation. Based on…
In many laboratories, conventional bright-field transmission microscopes are available to study the structure and organization principles of fibrous tissue samples, but they usually provide only 2D information. To access the third…
Developing advanced technologies for sensing and imaging biological samples is crucial for medical applications, making quantum-enhanced methods particularly valuable, as they promise significant benefits over classical techniques. An…
The method 3D polarised light imaging (3D-PLI) measures the birefringence of histological brain sections to determine the spatial course of nerve fibres (myelinated axons). While the in-plane fibre directions can be determined with high…
High resolution optical microscopy is essential in neuroscience but suffers from scattering in biological tissues. It therefore grants access to superficial layers only. Recently developed techniques use scattered photons for imaging by…
Optical brain imaging technologies are promising due to their relatively high temporal resolution, portability and cost-effectiveness. However, the highly scattering nature of near-infrared light in human tissue makes it challenging to…
Coupling of electric and magnetic responses of a scatterer known as bianisotropy enables rich physics and unique optical phenomena, including asymmetric absorption or reflection, one-way transparency, and photonic topological phases. Here…
We propose an imaging method to enhance and reveal structures within samples by using a polarization-based filter. This filter removes the isotropic content while amplifying the anisotropic component of depolarization. Whereas isotropic…
While scattered light conveys most of the information we perceive, scattering may also distort that information before it reaches our detectors. The problem is acute in many applications, such as in high-resolution microscopy of biological…
I derive in this paper theoretical expressions for biases on fringe contrast and fringe visibility phase for optical interferometers whose polarizing properties can be described by beam rotation, retardance, and diattenuation. The nature of…
Recent Brain-Machine Interfaces have shifted towards miniature devices that are constructed from nanoscale components. While these devices can be implanted into the brain, their functionalities can be limited, and will require communication…
Neurons in the brain are often finely tuned for specific task variables. Moreover, such disentangled representations are highly sought after in machine learning. Here we mathematically prove that simple biological constraints on neurons,…
A number of studies have indicated a potential association between prenatal exposure to radiation and late mental disabilities. This is believed to be due to long-term developmental changes and functional impairment of the central nervous…
Many AI models trained on natural images develop representations that resemble those of the human brain. However, the factors that drive this brain-model similarity remain poorly understood. To disentangle how the model, training and data…
Light scattering and aberrations limit optical microscopy in biological tissue, which motivates the development of adaptive optics techniques. Here, we develop a method for adaptive optics with reflected light and deep neural networks…
The incorporation of structured light techniques into vision science has enabled more selective probes of polarization related entoptic phenomena. Diverse sets of stimuli have become accessible in which the spatially dependant optical…
\hspace{2mm} Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) of the brain offers unique capabilities including noninvasive probing of tissue microstructure and structural connectivity. It is widely used for clinical assessment of…
Scattering of light in complex media scrambles optical wavefronts and breaks the principles of conventional imaging methods. For decades, researchers have endeavored to conquer the problem by inventing approaches such as adaptive optics,…
The correct reconstruction of individual (crossing) nerve fibers is a prerequisite when constructing a detailed network model of the brain. The recently developed technique Scattered Light Imaging (SLI) allows the reconstruction of crossing…
More children and adults under the age of 40 die of brain tumor than from any other cancer. Brain surgery constitutes the first and decisive step for the treatment of such tumors. It is extremely crucial to achieve complete tumor resection…