English
Related papers

Related papers: Doubly Robust Estimation in Observational Studies …

200 papers

In longitudinal studies where units are embedded in space or a social network, interference may arise, meaning that a unit's outcome can depend on treatment histories of others. The presence of interference poses significant challenges for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Ye Wang , Michael Jetsupphasuk

We study off-policy evaluation in the setting of contextual bandits, where we aim to evaluate a new policy using historical data that consists of contexts, actions and received rewards. This historical data typically does not faithfully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Rong J. B. Zhu

Classical semiparametric inference with missing outcome data is not robust to contamination of the observed data and a single observation can have arbitrarily large influence on estimation of a parameter of interest. This sensitivity is…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-02 Eva Cantoni , Xavier de Luna

Propensity scores are commonly used to estimate treatment effects from observational data. We argue that the probabilistic output of a learned propensity score model should be calibrated -- i.e., a predictive treatment probability of 90%…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-06 Shachi Deshpande , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Consider semiparametric estimation where a doubly robust estimating function for a low-dimensional parameter is available, depending on two working models. With high-dimensional data, we develop regularized calibrated estimation as a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-28 Satyajit Ghosh , Zhiqiang Tan

In this paper, we apply doubly robust approach to estimate, when some covariates are given, the conditional average treatment effect under parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric structure of the nuisance propensity score and outcome…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-15 Chuyun Ye , Keli Guo , Lixing Zhu

When the distribution of treatment effect modifiers differs between the trial sample and target population, inverse probability weighting (IPSW) can be applied to achieve an unbiased estimate of the population average treatment effect in…

Applications · Statistics 2022-03-04 Albee Y. Ling , Maria E. Montez-Rath , Kris Kapphahn , Manisha Desai

We often seek to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on a particular outcome in both randomized and observational settings. One such estimation method is the covariate-adjusted residuals estimator, which was designed for individually…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-28 Stephen A. Lauer , Nicholas G. Reich , Laura B. Balzer

In observational studies, treatments are typically not randomized and therefore estimated treatment effects may be subject to confounding bias. The instrumental variable (IV) design plays the role of a quasi-experimental handle since the IV…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-30 Lan Liu , Wang Miao , Baoluo Sun , James Robins , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Missing data is frequently encountered in many areas of statistics. Propensity score weighting is a popular method for handling missing data. The propensity score method employs a response propensity model, but correct specification of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-28 Hengfang Wang , Jae Kwang Kim , Jeongseop Han , Youngjo Lee

We study the problem of estimating the average treatment effect (ATE) under sequentially adaptive treatment assignment mechanisms. In contrast to classical completely randomized designs, we consider a setting in which the probability of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Saikat Sengupta , Koulik Khamaru , Suvrojit Ghosh , Tirthankar Dasgupta

Bias is a common problem inherent in recommender systems, which is entangled with users' preferences and poses a great challenge to unbiased learning. For debiasing tasks, the doubly robust (DR) method and its variants show superior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Haoxuan Li , Yan Lyu , Chunyuan Zheng , Peng Wu

Bayesian doubly robust (DR) causal inference faces a fundamental dilemma: joint modeling of outcome and propensity score suffers from the feedback problem where outcome information contaminates propensity score estimation, while two-step…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-05 Shunichiro Orihara , Tomotaka Momozaki , Shonosuke Sugasawa

Shortcomings of randomized clinical trials are pronounced in urgent health crises, when rapid identification of effective treatments is critical. Leveraging short-term surrogates in real-world data (RWD) can guide policymakers evaluating…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-13 Larry Han , Xuan Wang , Tianxi Cai

In this paper we address the challenges posed by non-proportional hazards and informative censoring, offering a path toward more meaningful causal inference conclusions. We start from the marginal structural Cox model, which has been widely…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-15 Jiyu Luo , Denise Rava , Jelena Bradic , Ronghui Xu

This paper illustrates the use of selected robust estimators of covariance or correlation in the identification of anomalous laboratory results in inter-laboratory data. It is shown that robust estimators can substantially reduce the impact…

Applications · Statistics 2019-05-29 Stephen L R Ellison

Estimating the individual treatment effect (ITE) from observational data is meaningful and practical in healthcare. Existing work mainly relies on the strong ignorability assumption that no hidden confounders exist, which may lead to bias…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-16 Ruoqi Liu , Changchang Yin , Ping Zhang

Doubly Robust (DR) estimation of treatment effect relies on an untestable assumption that is the absence of unobserved confounding. This assumption is par- ticularly problematic in the context of healthcare research, where variables like…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-07 Sahil Shikalgar , Md. Noor-E-Alam

Observational data have been actively used to estimate treatment effect, driven by the growing availability of electronic health records (EHRs). However, EHRs typically consist of longitudinal records, often introducing time-dependent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Junghwan Lee , Simin Ma , Nicoleta Serban , Shihao Yang

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are widely regarded as the gold standard for causal inference in biomedical research. For instance, when estimating the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT), a doubly robust estimation procedure…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-26 Chi-Shian Dai , Chao Ying , Yang Ning , Jiwei Zhao