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We consider nonregular graphs having precisely three distinct eigenvalues. The focus is mainly on the case of graphs having two distinct valencies and our results include constructions of new examples, structure theorems, valency…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-03 Xi-Ming Cheng , Alexander L. Gavrilyuk , Gary R. W. Greaves , Jack H. Koolen

We deal with connected $k$-regular multigraphs of order $n$ that has only three distinct eigenvalues. In this paper, we study the largest possible number of vertices of such a graph for given $k$. For $k=2,3,7$, the Moore graphs are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-11 Hiroshi Nozaki

The anti-adjacency matrix of a graph is constructed from the distance matrix of a graph by keeping each row and each column only the largest distances. This matrix can be interpreted as the opposite of the adjacency matrix, which is instead…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-28 Jianfeng Wang , Xingyu Lei , Mei Lu , Sezer Sorgun , Hakan Kucuk

A graph $G$ is said to be determined by its generalized spectrum (DGS for short) if for any graph $H$, $H$ and $G$ are cospectral with cospectral complements implies that $H$ is isomorphic to $G$. It turns out that whether a graph $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-22 Wei Wang

The distance matrix of a graph $G$ is the matrix containing the pairwise distances between vertices. The distance eigenvalues of $G$ are the eigenvalues of its distance matrix and they form the distance spectrum of $G$. We determine the…

Motivated by recently discovered privacy attacks on social networks, we study the problem of anonymizing the underlying graph of interactions in a social network. We call a graph (k,l)-anonymous if for every node in the graph there exist at…

Databases · Computer Science 2008-11-03 Tomas Feder , Shubha U. Nabar , Evimaria Terzi

Harary and Schwenk posed the problem forty years ago: Which graphs have distinct adjacency eigenvalues? In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for an Hermitian matrix with simple spectral radius and distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-26 Xueliang Li , Jianfeng Wang , Qiongxiang Huang

For a graph $G$ and integer $k\geq1$, we define the token graph $F_k(G)$ to be the graph with vertex set all $k$-subsets of $V(G)$, where two vertices are adjacent in $F_k(G)$ whenever their symmetric difference is a pair of adjacent…

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ and $\mu$ be an adjacency eigenvalue of $G$ with multiplicity $k\geq 1$. A star complement $H$ for $\mu$ in $G$ is an induced subgraph of $G$ of order $n-k$ with no eigenvalue $\mu$, and the vertex subset…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Xiaona Fang , Lihua You , Rangwei Wu , Yufei Huang

Let $G$ be a finite group and $\mathrm{Irr}(G)$ be the set of all complex irreducible characters of $G$. The character-graph $\Delta(G)$ associated to $G$, is a graph whose vertex set is the set of primes which divide the degrees of some…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-27 Mahdi Ebrahimi , Maryam Khatami , Zohreh Mirzaei

We classify the distance-regular Cayley graphs with least eigenvalue $-2$ and diameter at most three. Besides sporadic examples, these comprise of the lattice graphs, certain triangular graphs, and line graphs of incidence graphs of certain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-28 Alireza Abdollahi , Edwin van Dam , Mojtaba Jazaeri

Let $G$ be a connected simple graph of order $n$. Let $\rho_1(G)\geq \rho_2(G)\geq \cdots \geq \rho_{n-1}(G)> \rho_n(G)=0$ be the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix $\mathcal{L}(G)$ of $G$. Denote by $m(\rho_i)$ the multiplicity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-23 Fenglei Tian , Yiju Wang

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices. The $k$-token graph (or symmetric $k$-th power) of $G$, denoted by $F_k(G)$ has as vertices the ${n\choose k}$ $k$-subsets of vertices from $G$, and two vertices are adjacent when their symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-27 M. A. Reyes , C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol

The main eigenvalues of a graph $G$ are those eigenvalues of the $(0,1)$-adjacency matrix $\mathbf A$ having a corresponding eigenvector not orthogonal to $\mathbf j = (1,\dots,1)$. The CDC of a graph $G$ is the direct product $G\times…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-04 Luke Collins , Irene Sciriha

Threshold graphs are graphs that can be characterized in a number of different ways. For example, they are graphs that are $P_4,\ C_4,\ 2K_2$--free. They may also be characterized by a finite sequence of positive integers $a_1, \ldots,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-07 James L. Borg , Irene Sciriha , Zoia Sherman

This paper investigates the asymptotic nature of graph spectra when some edges of a graph are subdivided sufficiently many times. In the special case where all edges of a graph are subdivided, we find the exact limits of the $k$-th largest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Hitesh Kumar , Bojan Mohar , Shivaramakrishna Pragada , Hanmeng Zhan

In this paper, we study the non-bipartite distance-regular graphs with valency k and having a smallest eigenvalue at most -k/2.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-23 Jack Koolen , Zhi Qiao

Let $\Gamma=(G,\sigma)$ be a signed graph, where $\sigma$ is the sign function on the edges of $G$. The adjacency matrix of $\Gamma=(G, \sigma)$ is a square matrix $A(\Gamma)=A(G, \sigma)=\left(a_{i j}^{\sigma}\right)$, where $a_{i…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-16 S. Pirzada , Tahir Shamsher , Mushtaq A. Bhat

In this note, we use eigenvalue interlacing to derive an inequality between the maximum degree of a graph and its maximum and minimum adjacency eigenvalues. The case of equality is fully characterized.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Aida Abiad , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol

Presented approach in polynomial time calculates large number of invariants for each vertex, which won't change with graph isomorphism and should fully determine the graph. For example numbers of closed paths of length k for given starting…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-05-19 Jarek Duda