Related papers: Dynamical anchoring of distant Arrhythmia Sources …
Reentry around non-conducting ventricular scar tissue, which often causes lethal arrhythmias, is typically treated by rapid stimulation from an implantable defibrillator. However, the mechanisms of termination (success and failure) are…
Sustained spiral waves, also known as rotors, are pivotal mechanisms in persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Stochasticity is inevitable in nonlinear biological systems such as the heart; however, it is unclear how noise affects the…
Formation of feedback loops of excitation waves (reentrant circuit) around non-conducting ventricular scar tissue is a common cause of lethal cardiac arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia. This is typically treated by rapid…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common abnormal heart rhythm and the single biggest cause of stroke. Ablation, destroying regions of the atria, is applied largely empirically and can be curative but with a disappointing clinical…
We investigate the synchronization of active rotors. A rotor is composed of a free-rotating arm with a particle that releases a surface-active chemical compound. It exhibits self-rotation due to the surface tension gradient originating from…
The heart exhibits complex systems behaviors during atrial fibrillation (AF), where the macroscopic collective behavior of the heart causes the microscopic behavior. However, the relationship between the downward causation and scale is…
Rotating scroll waves are self-organising patterns which are found in many oscillating or excitable systems. Here we show that quasi-periodic (meandering) scroll waves, which include the rotors that organise cardiac arrhythmias, exhibit…
We investigate synchronization caused by long-range hydrodynamic interaction in a two-dimensional, substrated array of rotors with random intrinsic frequencies. The rotor mimics a flagellated bacterium that is attached to the substrate…
Vibrations of the Jeffcott rotor are modelled by a three degree of freedom system including coupling between lateral and torsional modes. The crack in a rotating shaft of the rotor is introduced via time dependent stiffness with off…
The analysis of electrical impulse phenomena in cardiac muscle tissue is important for the diagnosis of heart rhythm disorders and other cardiac pathophysiology. Cardiac mapping techniques acquire local temporal measurements and combine…
Atrial fibrillation is one of the most frequent cardiac arrhythmias in the industrialized world and ablation therapy is the method of choice for many patients. However, ablation scars alter the electrophysiological activation and the…
We use an autonomous three-dimensional dynamical system to study embedded vortex structures that are observed to form in computational fluid dynamic simulations of patient-specific cerebral aneurysm geometries. These structures, described…
While spiral wave breakup has been implicated in the emergence of atrial fibrillation, its role in maintaining this complex type of cardiac arrhythmia is less clear. We used the Karma model of cardiac excitation to investigate the dynamical…
The mechanism that maintains atrial fibrillation (AF) remains elusive. One approach to understanding and controlling the mechanism ("AF driver") is to quantify inter-scale information flow from macroscopic to microscopic behaviors of the…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of stroke by a factor of four to five and is the most common abnormal heart rhythm. The progression of AF with age, from short self-terminating episodes to persistence, varies between individuals…
We review some of the latest approaches to analysing cardiac electrophysiology data using machine learning and predictive modelling. Cardiac arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation, are a major global healthcare challenge. Treatment…
Arrhythmias are potentially fatal disruptions to the normal heart rhythm, but their underlying dynamics is still poorly understood. Theoretical modeling is an important tool to fill this gap. Typical studies often employ detailed…
We consider the problem of locating a point-source heart arrhythmia using data from a standard diagnostic procedure, where a reference catheter is placed in the heart, and arrival times from a second diagnostic catheter are recorded as the…
Cardiac re-entry regime of self-organised abnormal synchronisation underlie dangerous arrhythmias and fatal fibrillation. Recent advances in the theory of dissipative vortices, experimental studies, and anatomically realistic computer…
In healthy hearts myocytes are typically coupled to nearest neighbours through gap junctions. Under pathological conditions such as fibrosis, or in scar tissue, or across ablation lines myocytes can uncouple from their neighbours.…