Related papers: Negative temperature for negative lapse function
The concept of negative absolute temperature, introduced by Ramsey based on the study of a nuclear spin system by Purcell and Pound in 1951, has been subject to continued debate. According to a recent analysis by Struchtrup, the apparent…
Motivated by advances in the manipulation and detection of ultracold atoms with multiple internal degrees of freedom, we present a finite-temperature lattice Monte Carlo calculation of the density and pressure equations of state, as well as…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in quantum field theories at non-zero temperature still holds fundamental open questions, in particular what happens to vacuum Goldstone bosons when the temperature is increased. By investigating a complex…
The temperature inversion symmetry $R\to \frac{1}{T}$ is studied for the finite temperature effective potential of the N=1, $d=5$, supersymmetric $SU(3)_{c}{\times}SU(3)_{w}$ model, on the orbifold $S^{1}/Z_{2}$. For the value of the Wilson…
The notion of thermal time has been introduced as a possible basis for a fully general-relativistic thermodynamics. Here we study this notion in the restricted context of stationary spacetimes. We show that the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect (in a…
We formulate the thermofield dynamics for time-dependent systems by combining the Liouville-von Neumann equation, its invariant operators, and the basic notions of thermofield dynamics. The new formulation is applied to time-dependent…
We study the sympathetic cooling of a trapped Fermi gas interacting with an ideal Bose gas below the critical temperature of the Bose-Einstein condensation. We derive the quantum master equation, which describes the dynamics of the…
A considerable body of experimental and theoretical work claims the existence of negative absolute temperatures in spin systems and ultra-cold quantum gases. Here, we clarify that such findings can be attributed to the use of a popular yet…
Topological objects resulting from symmetry breakdown may be either stable or metastable depending on the pattern of symmetry breaking. However, if they acquire zero-energy modes of fermions, and in the process acquire non-integer fermionic…
The momentum distribution function for the two-component 1D gases of bosons and fermions is studied in the limit of strong interatomic repulsion. A pronounced reconstruction of the distribution is found at a temperature much smaller than…
We analyze free energy and specific heat for fermions interacting with gapless bosons at a quantum-critical point (QCP) in a metal. We use the Luttinger-Ward-Eliashberg formula for the free energy in the normal state, which includes…
In multiparticle quantum interference, bosons show rather generally the tendency to bunch together, while fermions can not. This behavior, which is rooted in the different statistics of the particles, results in a higher coincidence rate…
We discuss the occurrence of negative specific heat in a nonextensive system which has an equilibrium second-order phase transition.The specific heat is negative only in a transient regime before equilibration, in correspondence to…
We afford an experimentally feasible platform to study Boltzmann negative temperatures. Our proposal takes advantage of well-known techniques of engineering Hamiltonian to achieve steady states with highly controllable population inversion.…
We show that systems with negative specific heat can violate the zeroth law of thermodynamics. By both numerical simulations and by using exact expressions for free energy and microcanonical entropy it is shown that if two systems with the…
Singularities in the thermodynamics of Kerr-Newman black holes are commonly associated with phase transitions. However, such interpretations are complicated by a lack of stability and, more significantly, by a lack of conclusive insight…
We propose a mathematical formulation of the zeroth law of thermodynamics and develop a stochastic dynamical theory, with a consistent irreversible thermodynamics, for systems possessing sustained conservative stationary current in phase…
The main objective of this paper is to obtain an operator realization for the bosonization of fermions in 1 + 1 dimensions, at finite, non-zero temperature T. This is achieved in the framework of the real time formalism of Thermofield…
The temperature of a physical system is operationally defined in physics as "that quantity which is measured by a thermometer" weakly coupled to, and at equilibrium with the system. This definition is unique only at global equilibrium in…
We calculate the phase diagram for dilute mixtures of bosons and fermions at zero temperature. The linear stability conditions are derived and related to the effective boson-induced interaction between the fermions. We show that in…