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Diffusion models have shown great promise in medical image denoising and reconstruction, but their application to Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging remains limited by tracer-specific contrast variability and high computational…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Fumio Hashimoto , Kuang Gong

The aim of this paper is to discuss potential advances in PET kinetic models and direct reconstruction of kinetic parameters. As a prominent example we focus on a typical task in perfusion imaging and derive a system of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-11-20 Louise Reips , Martin Burger , Ralf Engbers

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potential to positively impact and advance medical imaging, including positron emission tomography (PET) imaging applications. AI has the ability to enhance and optimize all aspects of the PET…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Arkadiusz Sitek , Sangtae Ahn , Evren Asma , Adam Chandler , Alvin Ihsani , Sven Prevrhal , Arman Rahmim , Babak Saboury , Kris Thielemans

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is widely used in a number of clinical applications, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, monitoring of disease development, and treatment effect evaluation. Statistical…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-07 Akhil Ambekar , Robert Zielinski , Ani Eloyan

In this work we present Polaffini, a robust and versatile framework for anatomically grounded registration. Medical image registration is dominated by intensity-based registration methods that rely on surrogate measures of alignment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Antoine Legouhy , Cosimo Campo , Ross Callaghan , Hojjat Azadbakht , Hui Zhang

Objective Positron emission tomography (PET) allows imaging of patho-physiological information as a form of rate constants from a dynamic image. The rate constant image(s) may be affected from noise on the dynamic image. We introduced an…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-08-10 Nobuyuki Kudomi , Yukito Maeda

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is an imaging method that can assess physiological function rather than structural disturbances by measuring cerebral perfusion or glucose consumption. However, this imaging technique relies on injection…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-10 Sahar Yousefi , Hessam Sokooti , Wouter M. Teeuwisse , Dennis F. R. Heijtel , Aart J. Nederveen , Marius Staring , Matthias J. P. van Osch

Purpose: The fusion of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and magnetic resonance (MR) images for guiding targeted prostate biopsy has significantly improved the biopsy yield of aggressive cancers. A key component of MR-TRUS fusion is image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Grant Haskins , Jochen Kruecker , Uwe Kruger , Sheng Xu , Peter A. Pinto , Brad J. Wood , Pingkun Yan

The reconstruction of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) images from noisy projection data is a significant but challenging problem. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised learning approach, Non-negative Implicit Neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Chaozhi Zhang , Wenxiang Ding , Roy Y. He , Xiaoqun Zhang , Qiaoqiao Ding

Deformable image registration is a fundamental task in medical imaging. Due to the large computational complexity of deformable registration of volumetric images, conventional iterative methods usually face the tradeoff between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Kaicong Sun , Sven Simon

We present deformable unsupervised medical image registration using a randomly-initialized deep convolutional neural network (CNN) as regularization prior. Conventional registration methods predict a transformation by minimizing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-05 Max-Heinrich Laves , Sontje Ihler , Tobias Ortmaier

Image registration is a key operation in medical image processing, allowing a plethora of applications. Mutual information (MI) is consolidated as a robust similarity metric often used for medical image registration. Although MI provides a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-01 Vinicius Pavanelli Vianna , Luiz Otavio Murta

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is an important molecular imaging tool widely used in medicine. Traditional PET systems rely on complete detector rings for full angular coverage and reliable data collection. However, incomplete-ring PET…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yeqi Fang , Rong Zhou

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women, and brachytherapy is currently the primary treatment method. However, it is important to precisely define the extent of paracervical tissue invasion to improve cancer diagnosis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Jjahao Zhang , Yin Gu , Deyu Sun , Yuhua Gao , Ming Gao , Ming Cui , Teng Zhang , He Ma

We present VoxelMorph, a fast learning-based framework for deformable, pairwise medical image registration. Traditional registration methods optimize an objective function for each pair of images, which can be time-consuming for large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Guha Balakrishnan , Amy Zhao , Mert R. Sabuncu , John Guttag , Adrian V. Dalca

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) that was initially developed for exploiting pre-trained large language models has recently emerged as an effective approach to perform transfer learning on computer vision tasks. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Chenyu Lian , Hong-Yu Zhou , Yizhou Yu , Liansheng Wang

Purpose: Accurate intraoperative X-ray/CT registration is essential for surgical navigation in orthopedic procedures. However, existing methods struggle with consistently achieving sub-millimeter accuracy, robustness under broad initial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Roman Flepp , Leon Nissen , Bastian Sigrist , Arend Nieuwland , Nicola Cavalcanti , Philipp Fürnstahl , Thomas Dreher , Lilian Calvet

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a cornerstone of modern oncologic and neurologic imaging, distinguished by its unique ability to illuminate dynamic metabolic processes that transcend the anatomical focus of traditional imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-13 Yichi Zhang , Wenbo Zhang , Zehui Ling , Gang Feng , Sisi Peng , Deshu Chen , Yuchen Liu , Hongwei Zhang , Shuqi Wang , Lanlan Li , Limei Han , Yuan Cheng , Zixin Hu , Yuan Qi , Le Xue

In this study, we implemented a two-stage deep learning-based approach to segment lesions in PET/CT images for the AutoPET III challenge. The first stage utilized a DynUNet model for coarse segmentation, identifying broad regions of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Reza Safdari , Mohammad Koohi-Moghaddam , Kyongtae Tyler Bae

Deformable medical image registration is a fundamental task in medical image analysis with applications in disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and image-guided interventions. Despite significant advances in deep learning based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Muhammad Zafar Iqbal , Ghazanfar Farooq Siddiqui , Anwar Ul Haq , Imran Razzak