Related papers: Superfluid 3He in Aerogel
Porous aerogel is a source of elastic scattering in superfluid 3He and modifies the properties of the superfluid, suppressing the transition temperature and order parameter. The specific heat jumps for the B-phase of superfluid 3He in…
Recent theoretical and experimental studies of superfluid $^3$He in aerogels with a global anisotropy, e.g., due to an external stress, have definitely shown that the A-like phase with an equal spin pairing (ESP) in such aerogel samples is…
Stable pairing states of superfluid 3He in aerogel are examined in the case with a global uniaxial anisotropy which may be created by applying an uniaxial stress to the aerogel. Due to such a global anisotropy, the stability region of an…
Glass states formed in the superfluid $^3$He confined in aerogel are discussed. If the short range order corresponds to the A-phase state, the glass state is nonsuperfluid in the long wave length limit. The superfluidity can be restored by…
It may be possible to stabilize new superfluid phases of $^{3}$He with anisotropic silica aerogels. We discuss two methods that introduce anisotropy in the aerogel on length scales relevant to superfluid $^{3}$He. First, anisotropy can be…
The critical field for superfluid $^3$He in axially compressed, anisotropic silica aerogel is shown to be the result of an anisotropic distribution of magnetic impurities affecting the superfluid $A$ phase. The critical field results from…
We present results of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments in superfluid 3He in two samples of nematic aerogel consisting of nearly parallel mullite strands. The samples were cut from the same piece of the aerogel, but one of them…
Hydrodynamic flow in both classical and quantum fluids can be either laminar or turbulent. To describe the latter, vortices in turbulent flow are modelled with stable vortex filaments. While this is an idealization in classical fluids,…
Motivated by the recent prediction that uniaxially compressed aerogel can stabilize the anisotropic A phase over the isotropic B phase, we measure the pressure dependent superfluid fraction of 3He entrained in 10% axially compressed, 98%…
Many direct parallels connect superfluid 3He with the field theories describing the physical vacuum, gauge fields and elementary fermions. Superfluid $^3$He exhibits a variety of topological defects which can be detected with single-defect…
NMR experiments on liquid $^3$He infused into uniaxially anisotropic silica aerogels show the stabilisation of two equal-spin-pairing chiral phases on cooling from the normal phase. The alignment of the chiral axis relative to the…
Stimulated by the results of NMR experiments with superfluid $^3$He in "nematically ordered" aerogel [1] we report on the results of phenomenological analysis of stability of different phases of superfluid $^3$He subjected to a strong…
The equilibrium superfluid phase of 3He impregnated into high-porosity silica aerogels appears to be a non-equal-spin-pairing state in zero field at all pressures, which is generally assumed to be the Balian-Werthamer (BW) phase modified by…
The temperature dependence of paramagnetic susceptibility of the superfluid ^{3}He-B in aerogel is found. Calculations have been performed for an arbitrary phase shift of s-wave scattering in the framework of BCS weak coupling theory and…
The superfluid state in bulk liquid $^3$He is realized in the form of A or B phases. Uniaxially anisotropic aerogel (nafen) stabilizes transition from the normal to the polar superfluid state which on further cooling transitions to the…
We report the first observation of superfluid $\beta$ phase of $^3$He. This phase is realized in $^3$He in nematic aerogel in presence of high magnetic field right below the superfluid transition temperature. We use a vibrating aerogel…
The symmetry-breaking first-order phase transition between superfluid phases $^3$He-A and $^3$He-B can be triggered extrinsically by ionising radiation or heterogeneous nucleation arising from the details of the sample cell construction.…
We have investigated the superfluid transition of He-3 in a 99.5% porosity silica aerogel. This very dilute sample shows behaviour intermediary between bulk He-3 and He-3 confined to the denser aerogels previously studied. We present data…
Anisotropic aerogel possesses structure which exhibits a strong influence over the composition and orientation of the order parameter of imbibed superfluid $^3$He. Computational studies have identified stretched aerogel with plane-like…
Role of inhomogeneous perturbations of nematic aerogel on the form of the order parameter emerging at the transition of liquid $^3$He in the superfluid state is considered. It is shown that a region of stability of the polar distorted ABM…