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Functional data analysis (FDA) and ensemble learning can be powerful tools for analyzing complex environmental time series. Recent literature has highlighted the key role of diversity in enhancing accuracy and reducing variance in ensemble…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-13 Donato Riccio , Fabrizio Maturo , Elvira Romano

What proportion of treated units actually benefited from an experimental intervention? What is the median or the largest individual treatment effect? This paper develops methods for answering such questions about the distribution of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 David Kim , Yongchang Su , Jake Bowers , Xinran Li

We propose an adaptive sequential framework for testing two simple hypotheses that analytically ensures finite exposure to the less effective treatment. Our proposed procedure employs a likelihood ratio-driven adaptive allocation rule,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Sampurna Kundu , Jayant Jha , Subir Kumar Bhandari

Clinical trial adaptation refers to any adjustment of the trial protocol after the onset of the trial. The main goal is to make the process of introducing new medical interventions to patients more efficient by reducing the cost and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-11-17 Ognjen Arandjelovic

Covariate-adaptive randomization schemes such as the minimization and stratified permuted blocks are often applied in clinical trials to balance treatment assignments across prognostic factors. The existing theoretical developments on…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-21 Ting Ye , Yanyao Yi , Jun Shao

We study the convergence of the predictive surface of regression trees and forests. To support our analysis we introduce a notion of adaptive concentration for regression trees. This approach breaks tree training into a model selection…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-03 Stefan Wager , Guenther Walther

Survival analysis of right censored data arises often in many areas of research including medical research. Effect of covariates (and their interactions) on survival distribution can be studied through existing methods which requires to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-11 Madan Gopal Kundu , Samiran Ghosh

In big data analysis, a simple task such as linear regression can become very challenging as the variable dimension $p$ grows. As a result, variable screening is inevitable in many scientific studies. In recent years, randomized algorithms…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-13 Yu-Hsiang Cheng , Tzee-Ming Huang , Su-Yun Huang

Randomized clinical trials are often designed to assess whether a test treatment prolongs survival relative to a control treatment. Increased patient heterogeneity, while desirable for generalizability of results, can weaken the ability of…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-30 Devan V. Mehrotra , Rachel Marceau West

In a sequential multiple-assignment randomized trial (SMART), a sequence of treatments is given to a patient over multiple stages. In each stage, randomization may be done to allocate patients to different treatment groups. Even though…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-09 Rik Ghosh , Bibhas Chakraborty , Inbal Nahum-Shani , Megan E. Patrick , Palash Ghosh

Treatment-covariate interaction tests are commonly applied by researchers to examine whether the treatment effect varies across patient subgroups defined by baseline characteristics. The objective of this study is to explore…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-12 Likun Zhang , Wei Ma

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for estimating the average treatment effect (ATE). While covariate adjustment can reduce the asymptotic variances of the unbiased Horvitz-Thompson estimators for the ATE, it suffers from…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-22 Xin Lu , Lei Shi , Hanzhong Liu , Peng Ding

This paper studies inference in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with covariate-adaptive randomization (CAR) and imperfect compliance of a binary treatment. In this context, we study inference on the LATE. As in Bugni et al. (2018,2019),…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-07-25 Federico A. Bugni , Mengsi Gao

The idea of "stratified medicine" is an important driver of methodological research on the identification of predictive biomarkers. Most methods proposed so far for this purpose have been developed for the use on randomized data only.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-19 Julia Krzykalla , Axel Benner , Annette Kopp-Schneider

Eliciting preferences from human judgements is inherently imprecise, yet most decision analysis methods force a single priority vector from pairwise comparisons, discarding the information embedded in inconsistencies. We instead leverage…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-27 Salvatore Greco , Sajid Siraj , Michele Lundy

A compositional tree refers to a tree structure on a set of random variables where each random variable is a node and composition occurs at each non-leaf node of the tree. As a generalization of compositional data, compositional trees…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-20 Bingkai Wang , Brian S. Caffo , Xi Luo , Chin-Fu Liu , Andreia V. Faria , Michael I. Miller , Yi Zhao

A simple and computationally efficient scheme for tree-structured vector quantization is presented. Unlike previous methods, its quantization error depends only on the intrinsic dimension of the data distribution, rather than the apparent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2008-05-12 Sanjoy Dasgupta , Yoav Freund

Time-to-event outcomes are commonly used as primary endpoints in randomized clinical trials. Despite this, relatively little work incorporates baseline covariate information while also accounting for stratified randomization, a common form…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-01 Raphael C. Kim , Brian Gilbert , Ramin Zabih , Michele Santacatterina , Ivan Diaz

In recent years, non-parametric methods utilizing random walks on graphs have been used to solve a wide range of machine learning problems, but in their simplest form they do not scale well due to the quadratic complexity. In this paper, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Saeed Amizadeh , Bo Thiesson , Milos Hauskrecht

A clinician desires to use a risk-stratification method that achieves confident risk-stratification - the risk estimates of the different patients reflect the true risks with a high probability. This allows him/her to use these risks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Kartik Ahuja , Mihaela van der Schaar