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The mysterious dark energy remains one of the greatest puzzles of modern science. Current detections for it are mostly indirect. The spacetime effects of dark energy can be locally described by the SdSw metric. Understanding these local…
We investigate the deflection of light by a rotating global monopole spacetime and a rotating Letelier spacetime in the weak deflection approximation. To this end, we apply the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to the corresponding osculating optical…
We continue our study of the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). Taking the next step beyond representing it as an idealized monopole, we now characterize the gravitational field of the Sun using an infinite series of…
In this paper, we extend the gravitational bending of light studies in Kottler metrics to comprise nonlinear electrodynamics within the framework of Einstein - power - Maxwell theory. We show that the closest approach distance and the…
According to General Relativity, there are three factors namely mass, rotation and charge that can influence the path of light ray. Many authors showed that there is another factor which can influence the path of light ray namely…
We present here a detailed derivation of an explicit spin-dependent expression for the bending angle of light as it traverses in the equatorial plane of a spinning black hole. We show that the deflection produced in the presence of the…
We take another look at the equations behind the description of light bending in a Universe with a cosmological constant. We show that even within the impact parameter entering into the photon's differential equation, and which is defined…
In the wave equation obeyed by electromagnetic fields in curved spacetime there are Riemann and Ricci curvature coupling terms to the photon polarisation, which result in a polarisation dependent deviation of the photon trajectories from…
Using the geodesic method and the perturbative approach, we study the deflection of light by time-periodic spherically symmetric gravitational fields. Assuming the weakness of the gravitational field, we derive general formulas that…
The transition probability for the emission of a Bessel photon by an atomic system is calculated within first order perturbation theory. We derive a closed expression for the electromagnetic potentials beyond the paraxial approximation that…
In most analytical studies of light ray propagation in curved spacetimes around a gravitating object surrounded by a medium, it is assumed that the medium is a cold nonmagnetized plasma. The distinctive feature of this environment is that…
The influence of the medium on the gravitational deflection of light rays is widely discussed in literature for the simplest non-trivial case: cold non-magnetized plasma. In this article, we generalize these studies to the case of an…
We investigated the influence of dark matter on light propagation in the solar system. We assumed the spherical symmetry of spacetime and derived the approximate solution of the Einstein equation, which consists of the gravitational…
Recent experiments on ultra slow light in strongly dispersive media by several research groups reporting slowing down of the optical pulses down to speeds of a few metres per second encourage us to examine the intriguing possibility of…
The influence of the relativistic motion of the reference frame on the light reflection law is investigated. The method is based on applying the relativistic aberration affect for three light signals: incident, normal and reflected rays.…
We develop a relativistic treatment of interference between light reflected from a falling cube retroreflector in the vertical arm of an interferometer, and light in a reference beam in the horizontal arm. Coordinates that are nearly…
As an extension of a previous work in which perihelion advances are considered only and as an attempt to find more stringent constraints on its parameters, we investigate effects on astronomical observation and experiments conducted in the…
In the present work, we derive the motion of light in the weak-field limit of energy-momentum-squared gravity (EMSG). To do so, we introduce the post-Newtonian (PN) expansion of this modified theory of gravity. It is shown that in addition…
We determine the angle of deflection of light by the gravitational field inside and outside a spherical body with a homogeneous mass density. We show that the largest deflections, which can be measured by weak gravitational lensing, are in…
In 2007 Rindler and Ishak showed that, contrary to previous claims, the value of the cosmological constant does have an effect on light deflection by a gravitating object in an expanding universe, modeled by a Schwarzschild-de~Sitter…