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Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) are a widely used method for graph representation learning. To elucidate the capabilities and limitations of GCNs, we investigate their power, as a function of their number of layers, to distinguish…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-05-14 Abram Magner , Mayank Baranwal , Alfred O. Hero

In an earlier paper the authors proved that limits of convergent graph sequences can be described by various structures, including certain 2-variable real functions called graphons, random graph models satisfying certain consistency…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-02-10 László Lovász , Balázs Szegedy

For a set $S$ of vertices of a graph $G$, we define its density $0 \leq \sigma(S) \leq 1$ as the ratio of the number of edges of $G$ spanned by the vertices of $S$ to ${|S| \choose 2}$. We show that, given a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-06 Alexander Barvinok , Anthony Della Pella

Consider a random graph process where vertices are chosen from the interval $[0,1]$, and edges are chosen independently at random, but so that, for a given vertex $x$, the probability that there is an edge to a vertex $y$ decreases as the…

In a recent paper, Caron and Fox suggest a probabilistic model for sparse graphs which are exchangeable when associating each vertex with a time parameter in $\mathbb{R}_+$. Here we show that by generalizing the classical definition of…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-21 Christian Borgs , Jennifer T. Chayes , Henry Cohn , Nina Holden

The mincut graph bisection problem involves partitioning the n vertices of a graph into disjoint subsets, each containing exactly n/2 vertices, while minimizing the number of "cut" edges with an endpoint in each subset. When considered over…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-04-27 Allon G. Percus , Gabriel Istrate , Bruno Goncalves , Robert Z. Sumi , Stefan Boettcher

Given a complete graph with positive weights on its edges, we define the weight of a subset of edges as the product of weights of the edges in the subset and consider sums (partition functions) of weights over subsets of various kinds:…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-14 Alexander Barvinok

A graphon is a limiting object used to describe the behaviour of large networks through a function that captures the probability of edge formation between nodes. Although the merits of graphons to describe large and unlabelled networks are…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-23 Charles Dufour , Sofia C. Olhede

Ginzburg--Landau (GL) functionals on graphs, which are relaxations of graph-cut functionals on graphs, have yielded a variety of insights in image segmentation and graph clustering. In this paper, we study large-graph limits of GL…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Edith Zhang , James Scott , Qiang Du , Mason A. Porter

We consider the problem of sampling from data defined on the nodes of a weighted graph, where the edge weights capture the data correlation structure. As shown recently, using spectral graph theory one can define a cut-off frequency for the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-13 Ilan Shomorony , A. Salman Avestimehr

We consider the problem of estimating graph limits, known as graphons, from observations of sequences of sparse finite graphs. In this paper we show a simple method that can shed light on a subset of sparse graphs. The method involves…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-08 Sevvandi Kandanaarachchi , Cheng Soon Ong

We define direct sums and a corresponding notion of connectedness for graph limits. Every graph limit has a unique decomposition as a direct sum of connected components. As is well-known, graph limits may be represented by symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-04-10 Svante Janson

Exchangeable random graphs, which include some of the most widely studied network models, have emerged as the mainstay of statistical network analysis in recent years. Graphons, which are the central objects in graph limit theory, provide a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Anirban Chatterjee , Soham Dan , Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

The function $\Gamma$ on the space of graphons, introduced in [CGH$^+$15], aims to measure the extent to which a graphon $w$ exhibits the Robinson property: for all $x<y<z$, $w(x,z)\leq \min\{ w(x,y),w(y,z)\}$. Robinson graphons form a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Mahya Ghandehari , Jeannette Janssen

When each data point is a large graph, graph statistics such as densities of certain subgraphs (motifs) can be used as feature vectors for machine learning. While intuitive, motif counts are expensive to compute and difficult to work with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Andreas Haupt , Mohammad Khatami , Thomas Schultz , Ngoc Mai Tran

Graphons are limit objects of sequences of graphs and are used to analyze the behavior of large graphs. Recently, graphon signal processing has been developed to study signal processing on large graphs. A major limitation of this approach…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Feng Ji , Xingchao Jian , Wee Peng Tay

Graphons have traditionally served as limit objects for dense graph sequences, with the cut distance serving as the metric for convergence. However, sparse graph sequences converge to the trivial graphon under the conventional definition of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Xingchao Jian , Feng Ji , Wee Peng Tay

We generalize the notion of quasirandom which concerns a class of equivalent properties that random graphs satisfy. We show that the convergence of a graph sequence under the spectral distance is equivalent to the convergence using the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-06 Fan Chung

We show that if a sequence of dense graphs has the property that for every fixed graph F, the density of copies of F in these graphs tends to a limit, then there is a natural ``limit object'', namely a symmetric measurable 2-variable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Laszlo Lovasz , Balazs Szegedy

Let $G$ be a graph with $m$ edges and let $\mathrm{mc}(G)$ denote the size of a largest cut of $G$. The difference $\mathrm{mc}(G)-m/2$ is called the surplus $\mathrm{sp}(G)$ of $G$. A fundamental problem in MaxCut is to determine…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Jinghua Deng , Jianfeng Hou , Siwei Lin , Qinghou Zeng
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