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Grover's quantum search and its generalization, quantum amplitude amplification, provide quadratic advantage over classical algorithms for a diverse set of tasks, but are tricky to use without knowing beforehand what fraction $\lambda$ of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-26 Theodore J. Yoder , Guang Hao Low , Isaac L. Chuang

We generalize Grover algorithm with two arbitrary phases in a density matrix set up. We give exact analytic expressions for the success probability after arbitrary number of iteration of the generalized Grover operator as a function of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-01 Saptarshi Roy Chowdhury , Swarupananda Pradhan

Phase matching has been studied for the Grover algorithm as a way of enhancing the efficiency of the quantum search. Recently Li and Li found that a particular form of phase matching yields, with a single Grover operation, a success…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 F. M. Toyama , W. van Dijk , Y. Nogami , M. Tabuchi , Y. Kimura

Unstructured search remains as one of the significant challenges in computer science, as classical search algorithms become increasingly impractical for large-scale systems due to their linear time complexity. Quantum algorithms, notably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Harishankar Mishra , Asvija Balasubramanyam , Gudapati Naresh Raghava

We study the fully generalized Grover's algorithm to find the optimal phase changes for each step of the iteration to maximize gain in probability of observation of the target, and when phase matching is required. We find that classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Chris Cardullo , Min Kang

L. K. Grover's search algorithm in quantum computing gives an optimal, quadratic speedup in the search for a single object in a large unsorted database. In this paper, we generalize Grover's algorithm in a Hilbert-space framework for both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Goong Chen , Stephen A. Fulling , Jeesen Chen

When applying Grover's algorithm to an unordered database, the probability of obtaining correct results usually decreases as the quantity of target increases. To amend the limitation, numbers of improved schemes are proposed. In this paper,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 Bo-wen Ma , Wan-su Bao , Xiang Wang , Xiang-qun Fu , Shuo Zhang , Tan Li , Feng-guang Li

For the unsorted database quantum search with the unknown fraction $\lambda$ of target items, there are mainly two kinds of methods, i.e., fixed-point or trail-and-error. (i) In terms of the fixed-point method, Yoder et al. [Phys. Rev.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-05 Tan Li , Shuo Zhang , Xiang-Qun Fu , Xiang Wang , Yang Wang , Jie Lin , Wan-Su Bao

As the matching condition in Grover search algorithm is transgressed due to inevitable errors in phase inversions, it gives a reduction in maximum probability of success. With a given degree of maximum success, we have derive the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jin-Yuan Hsieh , Che-Ming Li , Der-San Chuu

Grover's quantum search algorithm is considered as one of the milestone in the field of quantum computing. The algorithm can search for a single match in a database with $N$ records in $O(\sqrt{N})$ assuming that the item must exist in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-01 Ahmed Younes

Grover's algorithm is a quantum search algorithm that proceeds by repeated applications of the Grover operator and the Oracle until the state evolves to one of the target states. In the standard version of the algorithm, the Grover operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Tim Byrnes , Gary Forster , Louis Tessler

Search-base algorithms have widespread applications in different scenarios. Grover's quantum search algorithms and its generalization, amplitude amplification, provide a quadratic speedup over classical search algorithms for unstructured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-21 Xiaoyu He , Jialin Zhang , Xiaoming Sun

The success probability of a search of $M$ targets from a database of size $N$, using Grover's search algorithm depends critically on the number of iterations of the composite operation of the oracle followed by Grover's diffusion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-24 Simanraj Sadana

L. K. Grover's search algorithm in quantum computing gives an optimal, square-root speedup in the search for a single object in a large unsorted database. In this paper, we expound Grover's algorithm in a Hilbert-space framework that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Chen , S. A. Fulling , M. O. Scully

Grover's search algorithm was a groundbreaking advancement in quantum algorithms, displaying a quadratic speed-up of querying for items. Since the creation of this algorithm it has been utilized in various ways, including in preparing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Andrew Vlasic , Salvatore Certo , Anh Pham

Grover's algorithm provides a quadratic speedup over classical algorithms to search for marked elements in an unstructured database. The original algorithm is probabilistic, returning a marked element with bounded error. There are several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Guanzhong Li , Lvzhou Li

Grover's algorithm, orginally conceived as a means of searching an unordered database, can also be used to extract solutions from the result sets generated by quantum computations. The Grover algorithm exploits the concept of an oracle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Fintan M. Bolton

One of the significant breakthroughs in quantum computation is Grover's algorithm for unsorted database search. Recently, the applications of Grover's algorithm to solve global optimization problems have been demonstrated, where unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-22 Yan Wang

We generalize Grover's unstructured quantum search algorithm to enable it to use an arbitrary starting superposition and an arbitrary unitary matrix simultaneously. We derive an exact formula for the probability of the generalized Grover's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Robert Gingrich , Colin P. Williams , Nicolas Cerf

Fixed-point quantum search algorithms succeed at finding one of $M$ target items among $N$ total items even when the run time of the algorithm is longer than necessary. While the famous Grover's algorithm can search quadratically faster…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-07 Alexander M. Dalzell , Theodore J. Yoder , Isaac L. Chuang
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