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Driving in the dynamic, multi-agent, and complex urban environment is a difficult task requiring a complex decision policy. The learning of such a policy requires a state representation that can encode the entire environment. Mid-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Eshagh Kargar , Ville Kyrki

We consider the problem of building a state representation model in a continual fashion. As the environment changes, the aim is to efficiently compress the sensory state's information without losing past knowledge. The learned features are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Hugo Caselles-Dupré , Michael Garcia-Ortiz , David Filliat

In this paper, we study representation learning for multi-task decision-making in non-stationary environments. We consider the framework of sequential linear bandits, where the agent performs a series of tasks drawn from distinct sets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Yuzhen Qin , Tommaso Menara , Samet Oymak , ShiNung Ching , Fabio Pasqualetti

In this work, we propose a hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) structure which is capable of performing autonomous vehicle planning tasks in simulated environments with multiple sub-goals. In this hierarchical structure, the network…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Zhiqian Qiao , Zachariah Tyree , Priyantha Mudalige , Jeff Schneider , John M. Dolan

The unification of low-level perception and high-level reasoning is a long-standing problem in artificial intelligence, which has the potential to not only bring the areas of logic and learning closer together but also demonstrate how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Anton Fuxjaeger , Vaishak Belle

Achieving safe and coordinated behavior in dynamic, constraint-rich environments remains a major challenge for learning-based control. Pure end-to-end learning often suffers from poor sample efficiency and limited reliability, while…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Max Studt , Georg Schildbach

Safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving require robust 3D environment perception algorithms capable of handling diverse and ambiguous surroundings. The predictive performance of classification models is heavily influenced by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Mariella Dreissig , Simon Ruehle , Florian Piewak , Joschka Boedecker

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents make decisions using nothing but observations from the environment, and consequently, heavily rely on the representations of those observations. Though some recent breakthroughs have used vector-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Edan Meyer , Adam White , Marlos C. Machado

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is increasingly used in autonomous driving (AD) and shows clear advantages. However, most RL-based AD methods overlook policy structure design. An RL policy that only outputs short-timescale vehicle control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Guizhe Jin , Zhuoren Li , Bo Leng , Ran Yu , Lu Xiong , Chen Sun

We propose a recurrent extension of the Ladder networks whose structure is motivated by the inference required in hierarchical latent variable models. We demonstrate that the recurrent Ladder is able to handle a wide variety of complex…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Isabeau Prémont-Schwarz , Alexander Ilin , Tele Hotloo Hao , Antti Rasmus , Rinu Boney , Harri Valpola

Large-scale autoregressive models pretrained on next-token prediction and finetuned with reinforcement learning (RL) have achieved unprecedented success on many problem domains. During RL, these models explore by generating new outputs, one…

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) learns to make decisions on multiple levels of temporal abstraction. A key challenge in HRL is that the low-level policy changes over time, making it difficult for the high-level policy to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Vivienne Huiling Wang , Tinghuai Wang , Joni Pajarinen

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning algorithms have successfully been applied to temporal credit assignment problems with sparse reward signals. However, state-of-the-art algorithms require manual specification of sub-task structures, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Robert Tjarko Lange , Aldo Faisal

We reformulate the problem of encoding a multi-scale representation of a sequence in a language model by casting it in a continuous learning framework. We propose a hierarchical multi-scale language model in which short time-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Thomas Wolf , Julien Chaumond , Clement Delangue

Decision making for self-driving cars is usually tackled by manually encoding rules from drivers' behaviors or imitating drivers' manipulation using supervised learning techniques. Both of them rely on mass driving data to cover all…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-12 Jingliang Duan , Shengbo Eben Li , Yang Guan , Qi Sun , Bo Cheng

Sequential recommender systems have become increasingly important in real-world applications that model user behavior sequences to predict their preferences. However, existing sequential recommendation methods predominantly rely on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Enze Liu , Bowen Zheng , Xiaolei Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jinpeng Wang , Sheng Chen , Ji-Rong Wen

Research in Curriculum Learning has shown better performance on the task by optimizing the sequence of the training data. Recent works have focused on using complex reinforcement learning techniques to find the optimal data ordering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Dipankar Sarkar , Mukur Gupta

Tactical decision making is a critical feature for advanced driving systems, that incorporates several challenges such as complexity of the uncertain environment and reliability of the autonomous system. In this work, we develop a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Majid Moghadam , Gabriel Hugh Elkaim

Adequate strategizing of agents behaviors is essential to solving cooperative MARL problems. One intuitively beneficial yet uncommon method in this domain is predicting agents future behaviors and planning accordingly. Leveraging this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Majd Ibrahim , Ammar Fayad

Reinforcement learning (RL) has the potential to significantly improve clinical decision making. However, treatment policies learned via RL from observational data are sensitive to subtle choices in study design. We highlight a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Christina X. Ji , Michael Oberst , Sanjat Kanjilal , David Sontag