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Quantum computers have the potential to provide an advantage over classical computers in a number of areas. Numerous metrics to benchmark the performance of quantum computers, ranging from their individual hardware components to entire…

Near-term hardware is constrained by high error rates, small qubit counts, and relatively low output fidelity, making the execution of large, high performance quantum circuits difficult. Circuit partitioning (or circuit cutting) has emerged…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Connor Howe , Cristina Radian , Justin Woodring , Vardaan Sahgal , Brian J. McDermott

Application-based benchmarks are increasingly used to quantify and compare quantum computers' performance. However, because contemporary quantum computers cannot run utility-scale computations, these benchmarks currently test this…

In this work we introduce an open source suite of quantum application-oriented performance benchmarks that is designed to measure the effectiveness of quantum computing hardware at executing quantum applications. These benchmarks probe a…

One of the main challenges in building a quantum processor is to characterize the environmental noise. Noise characterization can be achieved by exploiting different techniques, such as randomization where several sequences of random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-04 Elena Ferraro , Marco De Michielis

Applying post selection in each step of an iterated protocol leads to sensitive quantum dynamics that may be utilized to test and benchmark current quantum computers. An example of this type of protocols was originally proposed for the task…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Adrian Ortega , Orsolya Kálmán , Tamás Kiss

Contemporary methods for benchmarking noisy quantum processors typically measure average error rates or process infidelities. However, thresholds for fault-tolerant quantum error correction are given in terms of worst-case error rates --…

As quantum information processors grow in quantum bit (qubit) count and functionality, the control and measurement system becomes a limiting factor to large scale extensibility. To tackle this challenge and keep pace with rapidly evolving…

We describe a scalable experimental protocol for obtaining estimates of the error rate of individual quantum computational gates. This protocol, in which random Clifford gates are interleaved between a gate of interest, provides a bounded…

We introduce and experimentally test a machine-learning-based method for ranking logically equivalent quantum circuits based on expected performance estimates derived from a training procedure conducted on real hardware. We apply our method…

Benchmarking quantum devices is a foundational task for the sustained development of quantum technologies. However, accurate in situ characterization of large-scale quantum devices remains a formidable challenge: such systems experience…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Tudor Manole , Daniel K. Mark , Wenjie Gong , Bingtian Ye , Yury Polyanskiy , Soonwon Choi

In order to quantify the relative performance of different testbed quantum computing devices, it is useful to benchmark them using a common protocol. While some benchmarks rely on the performance of random circuits and are generic in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-20 Bryan T. Gard , Adam M. Meier

Quantum computers promise to enhance machine learning for practical applications. Quantum machine learning for real-world data has to handle extensive amounts of high-dimensional data. However, conventional methods for measuring quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Tobias Haug , Chris N. Self , M. S. Kim

High-fidelity mid-circuit measurements, which read out the state of specific qubits in a multiqubit processor without destroying them or disrupting their neighbors, are a critical component for useful quantum computing. They enable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Daniel Hothem , Jordan Hines , Charles Baldwin , Dan Gresh , Robin Blume-Kohout , Timothy Proctor

The performance of a quantum processor depends on the characteristics of the device and the quality of the control pulses. Characterizing cloud-based quantum computers and calibrating the pulses that control them is necessary for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-20 Caroline Tornow , Naoki Kanazawa , William E. Shanks , Daniel J. Egger

Holistic benchmarks for quantum computers are essential for testing and summarizing the performance of quantum hardware. However, holistic benchmarks -- such as algorithmic or randomized benchmarks -- typically do not predict a processor's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-16 Daniel Hothem , Jordan Hines , Karthik Nataraj , Robin Blume-Kohout , Timothy Proctor

Quantum computing systems need to be benchmarked in terms of practical tasks they would be expected to do. Here, we propose 3 "application-motivated" circuit classes for benchmarking: deep (relevant for state preparation in the variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Daniel Mills , Seyon Sivarajah , Travis L. Scholten , Ross Duncan

Quantum Computing (QC) is undergoing a high rate of development, investment and research devoted to its improvement.However, there is little consensus in the industry and wider literature as to what improvement might consist of beyond…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Jessica Park , Susan Stepney , Irene D'Amico

Over the last two decades, tremendous advances have been made for constructing large-scale quantum computers. In particular, the quantum processor architecture based on superconducting qubits has become the leading candidate for scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Dachao Wu , Daojin Fan , Xiaobo Zhu

Quantum information processing offers promising advances for a wide range of fields and applications, provided that we can efficiently assess the performance of the control applied in candidate systems. That is, we must be able to determine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-26 Christopher Granade , Christopher Ferrie , D. G. Cory