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Logical gates constitute the building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computation. While quantum error-corrected memories have been extensively studied in the literature, explicit constructions and detailed analyses of thresholds and…

We present a family of quantum error-correcting codes that support a universal set of transversal logic gates using only local operations on a two-dimensional array of physical qubits. The construction is a subsystem version of color codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-26 Cody Jones , Peter Brooks , Jim Harrington

In topological quantum computation, quantum information is stored in states which are intrinsically protected from decoherence, and quantum gates are carried out by dragging particle-like excitations (quasiparticles) around one another in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 N. E. Bonesteel , Layla Hormozi , Georgios Zikos , Steven H. Simon

Large-scale universal quantum computing requires the implementation of quantum error correction (QEC). While the implementation of QEC has already been demonstrated for quantum memories, reliable quantum computing requires also the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-20 Jingfu Zhang , Raymond Laflamme , Dieter Suter

Majorana-based quantum gates are not complete for performing universal topological quantum computation while Fibonacci-based gates are difficult to be realized electronically and hardly coincide with the conventional quantum circuit models.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-04-07 Ye-Min Zhan , Yu-Ge Chen , Bin Chen , Ziqiang Wang , Yue Yu , Xi Luo

We study the resources required to achieve universal quantum computing via the gate sets that provide the fundamental instructions from which quantum algorithms are built. While single-gate universal sets are known, they rely on precisely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Robin Kaarsgaard

Unitary $k$-designs are distributions of unitary gates that match the Haar distribution up to its $k$-th statistical moment. They are a crucial resource for randomized quantum protocols. However, their implementation on encoded logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Zihan Cheng , Eric Huang , Vedika Khemani , Michael J. Gullans , Matteo Ippoliti

Topological quantum computation may provide a robust approach for encoding and manipulating information utilizing the topological properties of anyonic quasi-particle excitations. We develop an efficient means to map between dense and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-02 Haitan Xu , J. M. Taylor

Braiding defects in topological stabiliser codes has been widely studied as a promising approach to fault-tolerant quantum computing. We present a no-go theorem that places very strong limitations on the potential of such schemes for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-11 Paul Webster , Stephen D. Bartlett

We study the implementation of a universal quantum gate set via multiple-braiding within $SU(2)_k$ ($k > 2$, $k \neq 4$) anyon models. The multiple elementary braiding matrices (MEBMs) are derived from the $q$-deformed representation theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Jiangwei Long , Zihui Liu , Yizhi Li , Jianxin Zhong , Lijun Meng

We introduce group surface codes, which are a natural generalization of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ surface code, and equivalent to quantum double models of finite groups with specific boundary conditions. We show that group surface codes can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Naren Manjunath , Vieri Mattei , Apoorv Tiwari , Tyler D. Ellison

Quantum computers can be protected from noise by encoding the logical quantum information redundantly into multiple qubits using error correcting codes. When manipulating the logical quantum states, it is imperative that errors caused by…

Random unitaries are a central object of study in quantum information, with applications to quantum computation, quantum many-body physics, and quantum cryptography. Recent work has constructed unitary designs and pseudorandom unitaries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Ben Foxman , Natalie Parham , Francisca Vasconcelos , Henry Yuen

A quantum error correcting code protects encoded logical information against errors. Transversal gates are a naturally fault-tolerant way to manipulate logical qubits but cannot be universal themselves. Protocols such as magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Eric Huang , Pierre-Gabriel Rozon , Arpit Dua , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Michael J. Gullans

Universal quantum computation (UQC) using Majorana fermions on a 2D topological superconducting (TS) medium remains an outstanding open problem. This is because the quantum gate set that can be generated by braiding of the Majorana fermions…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-11-25 Jay D. Sau , Sumanta Tewari , S. Das Sarma

We provide a comprehensive systematic method for the numerical computation of elementary braid operations in topological quantum computation (TQC). This {procedure} is systematically applicable to all anyon models, including $SU(2)_k$.…

High-fidelity and robust quantum manipulation is the key for scalable quantum computation. Therefore, due to the intrinsic operational robustness, quantum manipulation induced by geometric phases is one of the promising candidates. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-23 Tao Chen , Pu Shen , Zheng-Yuan Xue

Qubits encoded in a decoherence-free subsystem and realized in exchange-coupled silicon quantum dots are promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Benefits of this approach include excellent coherence, low control…

The quantum logic gates used in the design of a quantum computer should be both universal, meaning arbitrary quantum computations can be performed, and fault-tolerant, meaning the gates keep errors from cascading out of control. A number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Paul Webster , Michael Vasmer , Thomas R. Scruby , Stephen D. Bartlett

We present an entirely 2D transversal realization of phase gates at any level of the Clifford hierarchy, and beyond, using non-Abelian surface codes. Our construction encodes a logical qubit in the quantum double $D(G)$ of a non-Abelian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Alison Warman , Sakura Schafer-Nameki