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Merit based promotion & tenure decision have always been controversial. This paper suggests an agent based model of the decision making processs using spectral graph theory, where the voting agents are the vertices of the graph, and edge…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Sanjoy Das

Multi-agent systems are increasingly deployed to support various tasks where agents interact to achieve individual and collective objectives. Although these systems can enhance task performance and decision-making, fairness preservation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zejian Eric Wu , Zhongyi Jiang , Yuan Zhuang , Paul Jen-Hwa Hu

Competitive online games use rating systems for matchmaking; progression-based algorithms that estimate the skill level of players with interpretable ratings in terms of the outcome of the games they played. However, the overall experience…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Arman Dehpanah , Muheeb Faizan Ghori , Jonathan Gemmell , Bamshad Mobasher

Comprehensive and accurate evaluation of general-purpose AI systems such as large language models allows for effective mitigation of their risks and deepened understanding of their capabilities. Current evaluation methodology, mostly based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Xiting Wang , Liming Jiang , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , David Stillwell , Luning Sun , Fang Luo , Xing Xie

AI agents are increasingly deployed in complex, interactive environments, yet their runtime remains a major bottleneck for training, evaluation, and real-world use. Typical agent behavior unfolds sequentially, with each action requiring an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Naimeng Ye , Arnav Ahuja , Georgios Liargkovas , Yunan Lu , Kostis Kaffes , Tianyi Peng

LLM-driven GUI agents are increasingly used in production systems to automate workflows and simulate users for evaluation and optimization. Yet most GUI-agent evaluations emphasize task success and provide limited evidence on whether agents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Maria Movin , Claudia Hauff , Aron Henriksson , Panagiotis Papapetrou

We investigate different versions of the minority game, a toy model for agents buying and selling a commodity. The Hamming distance between the strategies used by agents to take decisions is introduced as an analytical tool to determine…

adap-org · Physics 2009-10-31 R. D'hulst , G. J. Rodgers

We introduce GVGAI-LLM, a video game benchmark for evaluating the reasoning and problem-solving capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Built on the General Video Game AI framework, it features a diverse collection of arcade-style…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yuchen Li , Cong Lin , Muhammad Umair Nasir , Philip Bontrager , Jialin Liu , Julian Togelius

We aim to understand how people assess human likeness in navigation produced by people and artificially intelligent (AI) agents in a video game. To this end, we propose a novel AI agent with the goal of generating more human-like behavior.…

Recently, strategic games inspired by Schelling's influential model of residential segregation have been studied in the TCS and AI literature. In these games, agents of k different types occupy the nodes of a network topology aiming to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Lata Narayanan , Yasaman Sabbagh , Alexandros A. Voudouris

Many enhancements to Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) have been proposed over almost two decades of general game playing and other artificial intelligence research. However, our ability to characterise and understand which variants work well…

Progress in machine learning is measured by careful evaluation on problems of outstanding common interest. However, the proliferation of benchmark suites and environments, adversarial attacks, and other complications has diluted the basic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-01 David Balduzzi , Karl Tuyls , Julien Perolat , Thore Graepel

Enabling humans to identify potential flaws in an agent's decision making is an important Explainable AI application. We consider identifying such flaws in a planning-based deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent for a complex real-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Kin-Ho Lam , Zhengxian Lin , Jed Irvine , Jonathan Dodge , Zeyad T Shureih , Roli Khanna , Minsuk Kahng , Alan Fern

Memory is an important aspect of intelligence and plays a role in many deep reinforcement learning models. However, little progress has been made in understanding when specific memory systems help more than others and how well they…

Multimodal LLMs are increasingly deployed as perceptual backbones for autonomous agents in 3D environments, from robotics to virtual worlds. These applications require agents to perceive rapid state changes, attribute actions to the correct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yunzhe Wang , Runhui Xu , Kexin Zheng , Tianyi Zhang , Jayavibhav Niranjan Kogundi , Soham Hans , Volkan Ustun

AI is gradually receiving more attention as a fundamental feature to increase the immersion in digital games. Among the several AI approaches, player modeling is becoming an important one. The main idea is to understand and model the player…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-12-16 Marlos C. Machado

The rise of LLM-based agents has opened new frontiers in AI applications, yet evaluating these agents remains a complex and underdeveloped area. This survey provides an in-depth overview of the emerging field of LLM agent evaluation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Mahmoud Mohammadi , Yipeng Li , Jane Lo , Wendy Yip

In this article, we study the decision-making process of chess players by using a chess engine to evaluate the moves across different pools of games. We quantified the decisiveness of each move during the games using a metric derived from…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-13 A. Chacoma , O. V. Billoni

Tree Search (TS) is crucial to some of the most influential successes in reinforcement learning. Here, we tackle two major challenges with TS that limit its usability: \textit{distribution shift} and \textit{scalability}. We first discover…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Assaf Hallak , Gal Dalal , Steven Dalton , Iuri Frosio , Shie Mannor , Gal Chechik

To achieve general intelligence, agents must learn how to interact with others in a shared environment: this is the challenge of multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL). The simplest form is independent reinforcement learning (InRL), where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Marc Lanctot , Vinicius Zambaldi , Audrunas Gruslys , Angeliki Lazaridou , Karl Tuyls , Julien Perolat , David Silver , Thore Graepel