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Photospheric waves in sunspots moving radially outwards at speeds faster than the characteristic wave velocities have been recently detected. It has been suggested that they are the visual pattern of $p-$modes excited around 5 Mm beneath…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-22 T. Felipe , E. Khomenko

We derive expectations for signatures in the measured travel times of waves that interact with thermal anomalies and jets. A series of numerical experiments that involve the dynamic linear evolution of an acoustic wave field in a solar-like…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Shravan M. Hanasoge , Thomas L. Duvall

To understand the physics of sunspots, it is important to know the properties of their magnetic field, and especially its height stratification plays a substantial role. There are mainly two methods to assess this stratification, but they…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 Horst Balthasar

We investigate bipolar sunspot regions and how tilt angle and footpoint separation vary during emergence and decay. The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory collects data at a higher cadence than…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-15 Bruce H. McClintock , Aimee A. Norton

The Sun's internal structure and dynamics can be studied with helioseismology, which uses the Sun's natural acoustic oscillations to build up a profile of the solar interior. We discuss how solar acoustic oscillations are affected by the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-26 A. -M. Broomhall , P. Chatterjee , R. Howe , A. A. Norton , M. J. Thompson

The detailed sunspot catalogues, the DPD and SDD allow to study the leading and following parts of sunspot groups separately. We examine the equilibrium distance of the two parts, the speed of removal, the asymmetry of compactness and the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-13 J. Muraközy , T. Baranyi , A. Ludmány

We analyze helioseismic waves near the solar equator in the presence of magnetic fields deep within the solar radiative zone. We find that reasonable magnetic fields can significantly alter the shapes of the wave profiles for helioseismic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 C. P. Burgess , N. S. Dzhalilov , T. I. Rashba , V. B. Semikoz , J. W. F. Valle

The composite geometry and spectral anisotropy of the solar wind turbulence are very important topics in the investigations of solar wind. In this work, we use the magnetic field and plasma data from Wind spacecraft measured during 1995…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Zhan Fa , H. -Q. He

The paper presents the results of the analysis of the geometric characteristics of sunspots for the period of 19-24 cycles of activity. The shape of sunspots was studied on the basis of the method of normalization of images of sunspots to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-07 Andrey Tlatov

The review addresses the spatial frequency morphology of sources of sunspot oscillations and waves, including their localization, size, oscillation periods, height localization with the mechanism of cut-off frequency that forms the observed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-09 Robert Sych

We perform a two-dimensional inversion of f-mode travel times to determine near-surface solar flows. The inversion is based on optimally localized averaging of travel times. We use finite-wavelength travel-time sensitivity functions and a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Jackiewicz , L. Gizon , A. C. Birch , M. J. Thompson

We introduce an updated, time-dependent treatment to the split-tail ("croissant-like") heliosphere model with data-driven solar wind conditions at 1 au, to study the evolution of the heliosphere with solar-cycle variations in plasma speed,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Chika Onubogu , M. Opher , E. Powell , S. Du , J. M. Sokół , J. D. Richardson , B. Van Der Holst

The twist of the magnetic field above a sunspot is an important quantity in solar physics. For example, magnetic twist plays a role in the initiation of flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Various proxies for the twist above the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 C. Baumgartner , A. C. Birch , H. Schunker , R. H. Cameron , L. Gizon

The flows in and around sunspots are rich in detail. Starting with the Evershed flow along low-lying flow channels, which are cospatial with the horizontal penumbral magnetic fields, Evershed clouds may continue this motion at the periphery…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Carsten Denker , Meetu Verma

Understanding convection is important in stellar physics, for example as an input in stellar evolution models. Helioseismic estimates of convective flow amplitudes in deeper regions of the solar interior disagree by orders of magnitude…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-12 Vincent G. A. Böning , Aaron C. Birch , Laurent Gizon , Thomas L. Duvall

Stellar spots may in some cases produce radial velocity (RV) signatures similar to those of exoplanets. To further investigate the impact of spots, we aim at studying the detectability of Earth mass planets in the habitable zone (HZ) of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 A. -M. Lagrange , M. Desort , N. Meunier

Helioseismology is the study of the solar interior using observations of oscillations at the surface. It suffers from systematic errors, such as a center-to-limb error in travel-time measurements. Understanding these errors requires a good…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-04 N. M. Kostogryz , D. Fournier , L. Gizon

Accurate modeling of the Sun's coronal magnetic field and solar wind structures require inputs of the solar global magnetic field, including both the near and far sides, but the Sun's far-side magnetic field cannot be directly observed.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-04 Ruizhu Chen , Junwei Zhao , Shea Hess Webber , Yang Liu , J. Todd Hoeksema , Marc L. Derosa

We present a seismological method to probe the solar atmosphere above sunspot umbrae with three-minute oscillations. Our technique allows us to estimate both the vertical distance between atmospheric layers and the wave-propagation speed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 A. S. Deres , S. A. Anfinogentov

In recent years, new high spatial resolution observations of the Sun's atmosphere have revealed the presence of a plethora of small-scale magnetic elements down to the resolution limit of current cohort of solar telescopes ($\sim 100-120$…

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