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The widely studied task of Natural Language Inference (NLI) requires a system to recognize whether one piece of text is textually entailed by another, i.e. whether the entirety of its meaning can be inferred from the other. In current NLI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Sihao Chen , Senaka Buthpitiya , Alex Fabrikant , Dan Roth , Tal Schuster

The success of pretrained word embeddings has motivated their use in the biomedical domain, with contextualized embeddings yielding remarkable results in several biomedical NLP tasks. However, there is a lack of research on quantifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Vladimir Araujo , Andrés Carvallo , Carlos Aspillaga , Camilo Thorne , Denis Parra

In the domain of Natural Language Inference (NLI), especially in tasks involving the classification of multiple input texts, the Cross-Entropy Loss metric is widely employed as a standard for error measurement. However, this metric falls…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Manish Sanwal

This paper introduces the Multi-Genre Natural Language Inference (MultiNLI) corpus, a dataset designed for use in the development and evaluation of machine learning models for sentence understanding. In addition to being one of the largest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Adina Williams , Nikita Nangia , Samuel R. Bowman

We propose a hypothesis only baseline for diagnosing Natural Language Inference (NLI). Especially when an NLI dataset assumes inference is occurring based purely on the relationship between a context and a hypothesis, it follows that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-04 Adam Poliak , Jason Naradowsky , Aparajita Haldar , Rachel Rudinger , Benjamin Van Durme

Sentence embedding methods using natural language inference (NLI) datasets have been successfully applied to various tasks. However, these methods are only available for limited languages due to relying heavily on the large NLI datasets. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Hayato Tsukagoshi , Ryohei Sasano , Koichi Takeda

Recent studies show that crowd-sourced Natural Language Inference (NLI) datasets may suffer from significant biases like annotation artifacts. Models utilizing these superficial clues gain mirage advantages on the in-domain testing set,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Guanhua Zhang , Bing Bai , Jian Liang , Kun Bai , Conghui Zhu , Tiejun Zhao

We now have a rich and growing set of modeling tools and algorithms for inducing linguistic structure from text that is less than fully annotated. In this paper, we discuss some of the weaknesses of our current methodology. We present a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-07-17 Noah A. Smith

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the most revolutionary technologies today. It uses artificial intelligence to understand human text and spoken words. It is used for text summarization, grammar checking, sentiment analysis, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 G. M. Refatul Islam , Safwan Shaheer , Yaseen Nur , Mohammad Rafid Hamid

Finding the relationships between sentences in a document is crucial for tasks like fact-checking, argument mining, and text summarization. A key challenge is to identify which sentences act as premises or contradictions for a specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Antonin Sulc

Natural language understanding (NLU) and Natural language generation (NLG) tasks hold a strong dual relationship, where NLU aims at predicting semantic labels based on natural language utterances and NLG does the opposite. The prior work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Shang-Yu Su , Yung-Sung Chuang , Yun-Nung Chen

The task of scientific Natural Language Inference (NLI) involves predicting the semantic relation between two sentences extracted from research articles. This task was recently proposed along with a new dataset called SciNLI derived from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Mobashir Sadat , Cornelia Caragea

Neural networks have excelled at many NLP tasks, but there remain open questions about the performance of pretrained distributed word representations and their interaction with weight initialization and other hyperparameters. We address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-06 Ignacio Cases , Minh-Thang Luong , Christopher Potts

Conditional language models still generate unfaithful output that is not supported by their input. These unfaithful generations jeopardize trust in real-world applications such as summarization or human-machine interaction, motivating a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Julius Steen , Juri Opitz , Anette Frank , Katja Markert

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is a basic task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The evaluation of NLU capabilities has become a trending research topic that attracts researchers in the last few years, resulting in the development…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Khloud AL Jallad , Nada Ghneim , Ghaida Rebdawi

Natural Language Generation (NLG) evaluation is a multifaceted task requiring assessment of multiple desirable criteria, e.g., fluency, coherency, coverage, relevance, adequacy, overall quality, etc. Across existing datasets for 6 NLG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ananya B. Sai , Tanay Dixit , Dev Yashpal Sheth , Sreyas Mohan , Mitesh M. Khapra

Natural language inference (NLI) is an increasingly important task for natural language understanding, which requires one to infer the relationship between the sentence pair (premise and hypothesis). Many recent works have used contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Shu'ang Li , Xuming Hu , Li Lin , Lijie Wen

Attributional inference, the ability to predict latent intentions behind observed actions, is a critical yet underexplored capability for large language models (LLMs) operating in multi-agent environments. Traditional natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Xin Quan , Jiafeng Xiong , Marco Valentino , André Freitas

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for writing economic analysis reports or providing financial advice, but their ability to understand economic knowledge and reason about potential results of specific economic events lacks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yue Guo , Yi Yang

Natural language explanations (NLEs) are a special form of data annotation in which annotators identify rationales (most significant text tokens) when assigning labels to data instances, and write out explanations for the labels in natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Xinyan Zhao , V. G. Vinod Vydiswaran