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The reconciliation step of continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocols usually involves forward error correction codes. Matching the code rate and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the quantum channel is required to achieve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-14 Sören Kreinberg , Igor Koltchanov , André Richter

We consider error correction in quantum key distribution. To avoid that Alice and Bob unwittingly end up with different keys precautions must be taken. Before running the error correction protocol, Bob and Alice normally sacrifice some bits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-24 Øystein Marøy , Magne Gudmundsen , Lars Lydersen , Johannes Skaar

Device-independent quantum key distribution provides security even when the equipment used to communicate over the quantum channel is largely uncharacterized. An experimental demonstration of device-independent quantum key distribution is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 M. Ho , P. Sekatski , E. Y. -Z. Tan , R. Renner , J. -D. Bancal , N. Sangouard

We introduce a two-step error correction scheme for reconciliation in continuous-variable quantum key distribution systems. Using this scheme, it is possible to use error correction codes with small blocklengths (1000 bits), increasing…

Key Distillation is an essential component of every Quantum Key Distribution system because it compensates the inherent transmission errors of quantum channel. However, throughput and interoperability aspects of post-processing engine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Foram P Shingala , Natarajan Venkatachalam , Selvagangai C , Hema Priya S , Dillibabu S , Pooja Chandravanshi , Ravindra P. Singh

Model quantization reduces neural network parameter precision to achieve compression, but often compromises accuracy. Existing post-training quantization (PTQ) methods employ iterative parameter updates to preserve accuracy under high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zekang Zheng , Haokun Li , Yaofo Chen , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

Packet switching revolutionized the Internet by allowing the efficient use of network resources for data transmission. In a previous work, we introduced packet switching in quantum networks as a path to the Quantum Internet and presented a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Reem Mandil , Stephen DiAdamo , Bing Qi , Alireza Shabani

The use of decoy states in quantum key distribution (QKD) has provided a method for substantially increasing the secret key rate and distance that can be covered by QKD protocols with practical signals. The security analysis of these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Marcos Curty , Tobias Moroder , Xiongfeng Ma , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Implementations of quantum key distribution as available nowadays suffer from inefficiencies due to post processing of the raw key that severely cuts down the final secure key rate. We present a simple model for the error scattering across…

Applications · Statistics 2009-08-17 Stefan Rass

We report on the implementation of a reverse-reconciliated coherent-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution system, with which we generated secret keys at a rate of more than 2 kb/s over 25 km of optical fiber. Time multiplexing…

Randomness extraction is an essential post-processing step in practical quantum cryptography systems. When statistical fluctuations are taken into consideration, the requirement of large input data size could heavily penalise the speed and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-09 Hong Jie Ng , Wen Yu Kon , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Chao Wang , Charles Lim

We propose a method named as double-scanning method, to improve the key rate of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) drastically. In the method, two parameters are scanned simultaneously to tightly estimate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-20 Cong Jiang , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiao-Long Hu , Xiang-Bin Wang

We propose a fully passive twin-field quantum key distribution (QKD) setup where basis choice, decoy-state preparation and encoding are all implemented entirely by post-processing without any active modulation. Our protocol can remove the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Wenyuan Wang , Rong Wang , H. F. Chau , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) offers an approach to achieve a potential high secret key rate (SKR) in metropolitan areas. There are several challenges in developing a practical CV-QKD system from the laboratory to…

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is a promising quantum-safe alternative to classical asymmetric cryptography that enables two authenticated parties to establish a shared secret over a potentially eavesdropped quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Jonas Berl , Utku Akin , Erdem Eray Cil , Laurent Schmalen , Tobias Fehenberger

Reconciliation is a mechanism allowing to weed out the discrepancies between two correlated variables. It has great role in every Quantum Key Distribution protocol where the key has to be transmitted through a noisy channel or as in our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Nedra Benletaief , Houria Rezig , Ammar Bouallegue

Parameter estimation is a critical step in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), especially in the finite-size regime where worst-case confidence intervals can significantly reduce the achievable secret-key rate. We provide…

The efficacy of data decoding in contemporary ultrafast fiber transmission systems is greatly determined by the capabilities of the signal processing tools that are used. The received signal must not exceed a certain level of complexity,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-01 Apostolos Argyris , Julián Bueno , Ingo Fischer

A quantum key distribution network enables pairs of users to generate independent secret keys by leveraging the principles of quantum physics. For end-to-end secure communication, a user pair's secret key must remain secure against any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Yiming Bian , Yichen Zhang , Song Yu , Zhengyu Li , Hong Guo

Designing a practical Continuous Variable (CV) Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) system requires an estimation of the quantum channel characteristics and the extraction of secure key bits based on a large number of distributed quantum signals.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Xiaoyu Ai , Robert Malaney