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Quantum coherence profoundly alters classical thermodynamic expectations by modifying the structure and accessibility of probability distributions. Classically, transitions to lower-entropy states (local second-law violations) are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Andrei Tudor Patrascu

We introduce a nonequilibrium phenomenon, reminiscent of Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe (OC), that arises in the transient dynamics following an interaction quench between a quantum system and a localized defect. Even if the system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Beatrice Donelli , Gabriele De Chiara , Francesco Scazza , Stefano Gherardini

Quantum interference phenomena are widely viewed as posing a challenge to the classical worldview. Feynman even went so far as to proclaim that they are the only mystery and the basic peculiarity of quantum mechanics. Many have also argued…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-27 Lorenzo Catani , Matthew Leifer , David Schmid , Robert W. Spekkens

Given a finite set of linearly independent quantum states, an observer who examines a single quantum system may sometimes identify its state with certainty. However, unless these quantum states are orthogonal, there is a finite probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Asher Peres , Daniel Terno

Classical theory asserts that several electromagnetic waves cannot interact with matter if they interfere destructively to zero, whereas quantum mechanics predicts a nontrivial light-matter dynamics even when the average electric field…

One of the key features of quantum mechanics is the interference of probability amplitudes. The reason for the appearance of interference is mathematically very simple. It is the linear structure of the Hilbert space which is used for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-02 Martin Stefanak

Many wave phenomena are related to interactions. Considering once neglected interactions in some cases, states of large objects and Newton's idea about measurement, we attempt to modify some concepts and principles of non-relativistic…

General Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Tian-Hai Zeng

One of the most important goals in quantum thermodynamics is to demonstrate advantages of thermodynamic protocols over their classical counterparts. For that, it is necessary to (i) develop theoretical tools and experimental set-ups to deal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Elisa Bäumer , Matteo Lostaglio , Martí Perarnau-Llobet , Rui Sampaio

In this paper we intend to discuss the importance of providing a physical representation of quantum superpositions which goes beyond the mere reference to mathematical structures and measurement outcomes. This proposal goes in the opposite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-19 Christian de Ronde

Interference is a universal consequence of superposition, yet in composite quantum systems it can encode correlations between subsystems. We show that in coupled electron-nuclear dynamics, interference in the nuclear density can arise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Matisse Wei-Yuan Tu , Angel Rubio , E. K. U. Gross

We propose the notion of quantum coherence for superpositions over states which are not necessarily mutually orthogonal. This anticipatedly leads to a resource theory of non-orthogonal coherence. We characterize free states and free…

Consider a bipartite quantum system with at least one of its two components being itself a composite system. By tracing over part of one (or both) of these two subsystems it is possible to obtain a reduced (separable) state that exhibits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-10 Guido Bellomo , Ana P. Majtey , A. R. Plastino , A. Plastino

We develop a rigorous connection between statistical properties of an interference pattern and the coherence properties of the underlying quantum state. With explicit examples, we demonstrate that even for inaccurate reconstructions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-25 Kai von Prillwitz , Łukasz Rudnicki , Florian Mintert

The superposition principle is the cornerstone of quantum mechanics, leading to a variety of genuinely quantum effects. Whether the principle applies also to macroscopic systems or, instead, there is a progressive breakdown when moving to…

A major signature of quantum mechanics beyond classical physics is coherence, the existence of superposition states. The recently developed resource theory of quantum coherence allows the formalisation of incoherent operations -- those…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-10 Benjamin Yadin , Jiajun Ma , Davide Girolami , Mile Gu , Vlatko Vedral

When two particles interact primarily through gravity and follow the laws of quantum mechanics, the generation of entanglement is considered a hallmark of the quantum nature of the gravitational interaction. However, we demonstrate that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-01 Giovanni Spaventa , Ludovico Lami , Martin B. Plenio

The superposition of quantum states lies at the heart of physics and has been recently found to serve as a versatile resource for quantum information protocols, defining the notion of quantum coherence. In this contribution, we report on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-16 Valeria Cimini , Ilaria Gianani , Marco Sbroscia , Jan Sperling , Marco Barbieri

When an observer wants to identify a quantum state, which is known to be one of a given set of non-orthogonal states, the act of observation causes a disturbance to that state. We investigate the tradeoff between the information gain and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 Christopher A. Fuchs , Asher Peres

We show single photon and electron interferences can be calculated without quantum-superposition states by using tensor form (covariant quantization). From the analysis results, the scalar potential which correspond to an indefinite metric…

General Physics · Physics 2017-09-14 Masahito Morimoto

Superposition of two or more states is one of the fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics and provides the basis for several advantages quantum information processing offers. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that quantum…