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We introduce and motivate generative modeling as a central task for machine learning and provide a critical view of the algorithms which have been proposed for solving this task. We overview how generative modeling can be defined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Alex Lamb

Credit scoring models based on accepted applications may be biased and their consequences can have a statistical and economic impact. Reject inference is the process of attempting to infer the creditworthiness status of the rejected…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-09-27 Rogelio A. Mancisidor , Michael Kampffmeyer , Kjersti Aas , Robert Jenssen

While generative adversarial networks (GAN) are popular for their higher sample quality as opposed to other generative models like the variational autoencoders (VAE) and Boltzmann machines, they suffer from the same difficulty of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Harshvardhan GM , Aanchal Sahu , Mahendra Kumar Gourisaria

Robust generalization to new concepts has long remained a distinctive feature of human intelligence. However, recent progress in deep generative models has now led to neural architectures capable of synthesizing novel instances of unknown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Victor Boutin , Lakshya Singhal , Xavier Thomas , Thomas Serre

Score-based Generative Models (SGMs) is one leading method in generative modeling, renowned for their ability to generate high-quality samples from complex, high-dimensional data distributions. The method enjoys empirical success and is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Sixu Li , Shi Chen , Qin Li

This paper considers the problem of utilizing a large-scale text-to-image diffusion model to tackle the challenging Inexact Segmentation (IS) task. Unlike traditional approaches that rely heavily on discriminative-model-based paradigms or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tianjiao Zhang , Fei Zhang , Jiangchao Yao , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

One of the most common problems preventing the application of prediction models in the real world is lack of generalization: The accuracy of models, measured in the benchmark does repeat itself on future data, e.g. in the settings of real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Abdel Aziz Taha , Leonhard Hennig , Petr Knoth

We present a novel metric for generative modeling evaluation, focusing primarily on generative networks. The method uses dendrograms to represent real and fake data, allowing for the divergence between training and generated samples to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Gustavo Sutter Carvalho , Moacir Antonelli Ponti

Regression evaluation has been performed for decades. Some metrics have been identified to be robust against shifting and scaling of the data but considering the different distributions of data is much more difficult to address (imbalance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Mario Michael Krell , Bilal Wehbe

Generative diffusion models synthesize new samples by reversing a diffusive process that converts a given data set to generic noise. This is accomplished by training a neural network to match the gradient of the log of the probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Akhil Premkumar

Many recent developments on generative models for natural images have relied on heuristically-motivated metrics that can be easily gamed by memorizing a small sample from the true distribution or training a model directly to improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Ching-Yuan Bai , Hsuan-Tien Lin , Colin Raffel , Wendy Chih-wen Kan

Diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performance in various generation tasks. However, their theoretical foundations fall far behind. This paper studies score approximation, estimation, and distribution recovery of diffusion models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Minshuo Chen , Kaixuan Huang , Tuo Zhao , Mengdi Wang

The deployment of pre-trained perception models in novel environments often leads to performance degradation due to distributional shifts. Although recent artificial intelligence approaches for metacognition use logical rules to…

This tutorial provides an in-depth guide on inference-time guidance and alignment methods for optimizing downstream reward functions in diffusion models. While diffusion models are renowned for their generative modeling capabilities,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Chenyu Wang , Xiner Li , Aviv Regev , Sergey Levine , Tommaso Biancalani

Diffusion models have recently driven significant breakthroughs in generative modeling. While state-of-the-art models produce high-quality samples on average, individual samples can still be low quality. Detecting such samples without human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Metod Jazbec , Eliot Wong-Toi , Guoxuan Xia , Dan Zhang , Eric Nalisnick , Stephan Mandt

Generative methods now produce outputs nearly indistinguishable from real data but often fail to fully capture the data distribution. Unlike quality issues, diversity limitations in generative models are hard to detect visually, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Mischa Dombrowski , Weitong Zhang , Sarah Cechnicka , Hadrien Reynaud , Bernhard Kainz

Learning generative models directly from corrupted observations is a long standing challenge across natural and scientific domains. We introduce Restoration Score Distillation (RSD), a unified framework for learning high fidelity, one step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yasi Zhang , Tianyu Chen , Zhendong Wang , Ying Nian Wu , Mingyuan Zhou , Oscar Leong

With the success of image generation, generative diffusion models are increasingly adopted for discriminative tasks, as pixel generation provides a unified perception interface. However, directly repurposing the generative denoising process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Ziqi Pang , Xin Xu , Yu-Xiong Wang

We introduce a new local sparse attention layer that preserves two-dimensional geometry and locality. We show that by just replacing the dense attention layer of SAGAN with our construction, we obtain very significant FID, Inception score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Giannis Daras , Augustus Odena , Han Zhang , Alexandros G. Dimakis

Zero-shot referring image segmentation is a challenging task because it aims to find an instance segmentation mask based on the given referring descriptions, without training on this type of paired data. Current zero-shot methods mainly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Minheng Ni , Yabo Zhang , Kailai Feng , Xiaoming Li , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo
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