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The dominating waveform in 5G is orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM will remain a promising waveform candidate for joint communication and sensing (JCAS) in 6G since OFDM can provide excellent data transmission…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Yi Geng

Mode sorter is the crucial component of the communication systems based on orbital angular momentum (OAM). However, schemes proposed so far can only effectively sort integer OAM (IOAM) modes. Here, we demonstrate the effective sorting of…

Optics · Physics 2024-04-22 Zhengyang Mao , Haigang Liu , Xianfeng Chen

With the explosive growth of mobile services, non-orthogonal broadcast/multicast transmissions can effectively improves spectrum efficiency. Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) represents a paradigm shift from conventional orthogonal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-03 Yong Zhang , Bin Yang , Xiaohu Ge , Yonghui Li

It has been known for a century that electromagnetic fields can transport not only energy and linear momentum but also angular momentum. However, it was not until twenty years ago, with the discovery in laser optics of experimental…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-01 Bo Thidé , Fabrizio Tamburini , Elettra Mari , Filippo Romanato , Cesare Barbieri

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is widely regarded as a key enabling technology for 6G wireless networks. While extensive research has explored the coexistence of sensing and communication functionalities, the use of orthogonal…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Huacheng Zeng , Kunzhe Song , Geo Jie Zhou , Ruxin Lin

Extremely large aperture arrays (ELAAs) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) technologies are essential for achieving high data rates in future wireless communication systems. To perform precise beamforming, these systems require accurate channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Heling Zhang , Xiujun Zhang , Xiaofeng Zhong , Shidong Zhou

Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of light is a promising degree of freedom for next-generation communication. By exploiting the orthogonality of OAM modes, multi-channel division enables a linearly increase in communication performance…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-22 Junsu Kim , Hyunchae Chun , SeungRyong Park

As the dominant information carrier in water, acoustic wave is widely used for underwater detection, communication and imaging. Even though underwater acoustic communication has been greatly improved in the past decades, it still suffers…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-12-03 Zhaoyong Sun , Yu Shi , Xuecong Sun , Han Jia , Zhongkun Jin , Ke Deng , Jun Yang

The spectrum-efficient millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications has recently attracted much attention as a viable solution to spectrum crunch problem. In this work, we propose a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) framework, which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Yavuz Yapici , Ismail Guvenc , Huaiyu Dai

Conventional antenna arrays rely primarily on digital beamforming for spatial control. While adding more elements can narrow beamwidth and suppress interference, such scaling incurs prohibitive hardware and power costs. Rotatable antennas…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Xingxiang Peng , Qingqing Wu , Ziyuan Zheng , Wen Chen , Yanze Zhu , Ying Gao

Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum are extensively studied owing to its potential to expand channel capacity of microwave and optical communication. By utilizing the Pancharatnam-Berry phase concept, an ultra-wideband single…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-05 Ling-Jun Yang , Sheng Sun , Wei E. I. Sha

Optical wireless communication (OWC) is a promising technology anticipated to play a key role in the next-generation network of networks, especially as a complementary technology to traditional radio frequency communications, for enhancing…

In this paper, we develop a beam tracking scheme for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) system with a hybrid digital analog (HDA) architecture operating in the millimeter wave…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-30 Fernando Pedraza , Saeid K. Dehkordi , Mari Kobayashi , Giuseppe Caire

Single aperture reception for underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) is insufficient to deal with oceanic turbulence caused by the combined effect of temperature gradient and air bubbles. This paper analyzes the performance of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Ziyaur Rahman , Ankur Bansal , S. M. Zafaruddin

The present contribution proposes a general framework for the energy efficiency analysis of a hybrid visible light communication (VLC) and Radio Frequency (RF) wireless system, in which both VLC and RF subsystems utilize nonorthogonal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Ahmed Al Hammadi , Sami Muhaidat , Paschalis C. Sofotasios , Mahmoud Al-Qutayri , Hany Elgala

We theoretically investigate coherent orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) transfer and dispersion-controlled light propagation in a ladder-type Er YAG three-level system. Using the density-matrix formalism and coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Arefeh Vaezi , Ali Mortezapour , Seyed Hossein Asadpour

Non-fixed flexible antenna architectures, such as fluid antenna system (FAS), movable antenna (MA), and pinching antenna, have garnered significant interest in recent years. Among them, rotatable antenna (RA) is an emerging technology that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Beixiong Zheng , Tiantian Ma , Changsheng You , Jie Tang , Robert Schober , Rui Zhang

We investigate the propagation of an optical vector vortex weakly interacting with a coherently prepared atomic medium (phaseonium) in a three-level $\Lambda$ configuration. The vector beam consists of vortex pulse pairs with right- and…

We have shown experimentally that it is possible to propagate and use the properties of twisted non-monochromatic incoherent radio waves to simultaneously transmit to infinity more radio channels on the same frequency band by encoding them…

For users in hotspot region, orbital angular momentum (OAM) can realize multifold increase of spectrum efficiency (SE), and the flying base station (FBS) can rapidly support the real-time communication demand. However, the hollow divergence…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Ruirui Chen , Yu Ding , Beibei Zhang , Song Li , Liping Liang