Related papers: Lessons from the History of European EMU
Monetary integration has both costs and benefits. Europeans have a strong aversion to exchange rate instability. From this perspective, the EMS has shown its limits and full monetary union involving a single currency appears to be a…
This paper describes the opportunities and also the difficulties of EMU with regard to international monetary cooperation. Even though the institutional and intellectual assistance to the coordination of monetary policy in the EU will…
The emerging system at the European level can be conceptualized as a pattern of relations among member states that tends to be reproduced despite disturbances in individual trajectories. The Markov property is used as an indicator of…
This study analyzes public debts and deficits between European countries. The statistical evidence here seems in general to reveal that sovereign debts and government deficits of countries within European Monetary Unification-in average-…
The authors of the article analyze the content of the Eurasian integration, from the initial initiative to the modern Eurasian Economic Union, paying attention to the factors that led to the transition from the Customs Union and the Single…
In the late 90's, after severe financial and economic crisis, accompanied by inflation and exchange rate instability, Eastern Europe emerged into two groups of countries with radically contrasting monetary regimes (Currency Boards and…
This paper reexamines the effects of the Latin Monetary Union (LMU) - a 19th century agreement among several European countries to standardize their currencies through a bimetallic system based on fixed gold and silver content - on trade.…
Economic unions are international agreements oriented to increase economic efficiency and establishing political and cultural ties between the member countries. Becoming a member of an existing union usually requires the approval of both…
The Euro (EUR) has been a currency introduced by the European Community on Jan. 01, 1999. This implies eleven countries of the European Union which have been found to meet the five requirements of the Maastricht convergence criteria. In…
The study analyzed the impact of financial inclusion on the effectiveness of monetary policy in developing countries. By using a panel data set of 10 developing countries during 2004-2020, the study revealed that the financial inclusion…
This paper investigates and compares currency substitution between the currencies of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries and the euro. In addition, we develop a model with microeconomic foundations, which identifies difference…
On Jan. 1, 1999 the European Union introduced a common currency Euro ($EUR$), to become the legal currency in all eleven countries which form the $EUR$. In order to test the $EUR$ behavior and understand various features, the $EUR$ exchange…
What are the effects of authoritarian regimes on scholarly research in economics? And how might economic theory survive ideological pressures? The article addresses these questions by focusing on the mathematization of economics over the…
This is an invited article for the Discussion and Debate special issue of The European Physical Journal Special Topics on the subject "Can Economics Be a Physical Science?" The first part of the paper traces the personal path of the author…
The public debt and deficit ceilings of the Maastricht Treaty are the subject of recurring controversy. First, there is debate about the role and impact of these criteria in the initial phase of the introduction of the single currency.…
In dynamical framework the conflict between government and the central bank according to the exchange Rate of payment of fixed rates and fixed rates of fixed income (EMU) convergence criteria such that the public debt / GDP ratio The method…
This article conducts a literature review on the topic of monetary policy in developing countries and focuses on the effectiveness of monetary policy in promoting economic growth and the relationship between monetary policy and economic…
European Monetary Union continues to be characterised by significant macroeconomic imbalances. Germany has shown increasing current account surpluses at the expense of the other member states (especially the European periphery). Since the…
In modular educational systems, students are allowed to choose a part of their own curriculum themselves. This is typically done in the final class levels which lead to maturity for university access. The rationale behind letting students…
This summarizes the study of the financial and economic crisis in Europe. The starting questions were: 1) Why do we have a crisis? Unde venis? 2) What will be the outcome? Quo vadis? Here is the reasoning which touches many areas, ranging…