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We consider a continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol over free-space channels, which is simpler and more robust than typical CV QKD protocols. It uses a bright laser, squeezed and modulated in the amplitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 Nedasadat Hosseinidehaj , Matthew S. Winnel , Timothy C. Ralph

Quantum key distribution (QKD) stands as the most successful application of quantum information science, providing information-theoretic security for key exchange. While it has evolved from proof-of-concept experiments to commercial…

We experimentally demonstrated a sub-Mbps key rate Gaussian-modulated coherent-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) over 100 km transmission distance. To efficiently control the excess noise, the quantum signal and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Yaodi Pi , Heng Wang , Yan Pan , Yun Shao , Yang Li , Jie Yang , Yichen Zhang , Wei Huang , Bingjie Xu

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is considered to be an alternative to classical cryptography for secure communication. However, its transmission distance is restricted to metropolitan areas, given that it is affected by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-12 Jian Zhou , Duan Huang , Ying Guo

Memory-assisted measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MA-MDI-QKD) is a promising scheme that aims to improve the rate-versus-distance behavior of a QKD system by using the state-of-the-art devices. It can be seen as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-01 Nicolo Lo Piparo , Mohsen Razavi , William J. Munro

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) reduces the vulnerability to side-channel attacks of standard QKD protocols by removing the need for characterized quantum devices. The higher security guarantees come however, at the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-24 Xavier Valcarce , Pavel Sekatski , Elie Gouzien , Alexey Melnikov , Nicolas Sangouard

All kinds of device loopholes give rise to a great obstacle to practical secure quantum key distribution (QKD). In this article, inspired by the original side-channel-secure protocol [Physical Review Applied 12, 054034 (2019)], a new QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-30 Yang-Guang Shan , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , De-Yong He , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Quantum memories are enabling devices for extending the reach of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. The required specifications for memories are, however, often considered too demanding for available technologies. One can change this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Nicoló Lo Piparo , Mohsen Razavi , Christiana Panayi

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD) with discrete modulation has attracted increasing attention due to its experimental simplicity, lower-cost implementation and compatibility with classical optical communication.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Zhi-Ping Liu , Min-Gang Zhou , Wen-Bo Liu , Chen-Long Li , Jie Gu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol has been demonstrated as a viable solution to detector side-channel attacks. One of the main advantages of MDI-QKD is that the security can be proved without making…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-14 Bing Qi

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) promises to revolutionize the field of security in communication, with applications ranging from state secrets to personal data, making it a key player in the ongoing battle against cyber threats.…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) serves as a cornerstone of secure quantum communication, providing unconditional security grounded in quantum mechanics. While trusted-node networks have facilitated early QKD deployment, their vulnerability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Jingyang Liu , Xingyu Zhou , Huajian Ding , Jiaxin Xu , Chunhui Zhang , Jian Li , Qin Wang

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is a promising quantum-safe alternative to classical asymmetric cryptography that enables two authenticated parties to establish a shared secret over a potentially eavesdropped quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Jonas Berl , Utku Akin , Erdem Eray Cil , Laurent Schmalen , Tobias Fehenberger

Besides being a beautiful idea, device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is probably the ultimate solution to defeat quantum hacking. To guarantee security, it requires, however, that the fair-sampling loophole is closed, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Víctor Zapatero , Marcos Curty

Memory-assisted measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MA-MDI-QKD) has recently been proposed as a possible intermediate step towards the realization of quantum repeaters. Despite its relaxing some of the requirements on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-31 Nicoló Lo Piparo , Mohsen Razavi , William J. Munro

We introduce a new continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol, self-referenced CV-QKD, that eliminates the need for transmission of a high-power local oscillator between the communicating parties. In this protocol, each…

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) overcomes the linear rate-loss limit, which promises a boost of secure key rate over long distance. However, the complexity of eliminating the frequency differences between the independent laser…

Quantum key distribution (QKD), providing a way to generate secret keys with information-theoretic security,is arguably one of the most significant achievements in quantum information. The continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) offers the…

Reference-frame-independent (RFI) quantum key distribution (QKD) presents promising advantages, especially for mobile-platform-based implementations, as it eliminates the need for active reference frame calibration. While RFI-QKD has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-07 Zhiyu Tian , Ziran Xie , Rong Wang , Chunmei Zhang , Shihai Sun

Discrete-variable (DV) quantum key distribution (QKD) based on single-photon detectors and sources have been successfully deployed for long-range secure key distribution. On the other hand, continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-24 Sebastian P. Kish , Patrick J. Gleeson , Angus Walsh , Ping Koy Lam , Syed M. Assad