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The anti-adjacency matrix of a graph is constructed from the distance matrix of a graph by keeping each row and each column only the largest distances. This matrix can be interpreted as the opposite of the adjacency matrix, which is instead…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-28 Jianfeng Wang , Xingyu Lei , Mei Lu , Sezer Sorgun , Hakan Kucuk

Let $H$ be a connected $m$-uniform hypergraph, and let $\mathcal{A}(H)$ be the adjacency tensor of $H$ whose spectrum is simply called the spectrum of $H$. Let $s(H)$ denote the number of eigenvectors of $\mathcal{A}(H)$ associated with the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Yi-Min Song , Yi-Zheng Fan , Yi Wang , Meng-Yu Tian , Jiang-Chao Wan

Tensor decomposition is an effective tool for learning multi-way structures and heterogeneous features from high-dimensional data, such as the multi-view images and multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) signals, are often represented by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Wanguang Yin , Youzhi Qu , Zhengming Ma , Quanying Liu

Most of the current hypergraph learning methodologies and benchmarking datasets in the hypergraph realm are obtained by lifting procedures from their graph analogs, leading to overshadowing specific characteristics of hypergraphs. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Lev Telyatnikov , Maria Sofia Bucarelli , Guillermo Bernardez , Olga Zaghen , Simone Scardapane , Pietro Lio

A matching of a graph is a subset of edges no two of which share a common vertex, and a maximum matching is a matching of maximum cardinality. In a $b$-matching every vertex $v$ has an associated bound $b_v$, and a maximum $b$-matching is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Yuval Emek , Shay Kutten , Mordechai Shalom , Shmuel Zaks

Hypergraphs are a powerful abstraction for representing higher-order interactions between entities of interest. To exploit these relationships in making downstream predictions, a variety of hypergraph neural network architectures have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yuxin Wang , Quan Gan , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , David Wipf

If $H$ is (or is isomorphic to) a subgraph of $G$, $H$ is said to {\it divide} $G$ if there is an edge-decomposition of $G$ by copies of $E(H)$, the edge set of $H$. A more restrictive version of this is when there is a subgroup ${\cal H}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-06 Michel Mollard , Mark Ramras

In order to make more complex number-based strings from topological coding for defending against the intelligent attacks equipped with quantum computing and providing effective protection technology for the age of quantum computing, we will…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bing Yao , Fei Ma

For graphs $G$ and $H$, an {\em $H$-colouring} of $G$ (or {\em homomorphism} from $G$ to $H$) is a function from the vertices of $G$ to the vertices of $H$ that preserves adjacency. $H$-colourings generalize such graph theory notions as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-15 John Engbers , David Galvin

Let $G$ be a bipartite graph and its adjacency matrix $\mathbb A$. If $G$ has a unique perfect matching, then $\mathbb A$ has an inverse $\mathbb A^{-1}$ which is a symmetric integral matrix, and hence the adjacency matrix of a multigraph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-09 Yujun Yang , Dong Ye

The prosperous development of e-commerce has spawned diverse recommendation systems. As a matter of fact, there exist rich and complex interactions among various types of nodes in real-world recommendation systems, which can be constructed…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Jinghan Shi , Houye Ji , Chuan Shi , Xiao Wang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

Biological and cellular systems are often modeled as graphs in which vertices represent objects of interest (genes, proteins, drugs) and edges represent relational ties among these objects (binds-to, interacts-with, regulates). This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-16 Jose Lugo-Martinez , Predrag Radivojac

A tensor is a multidimensional array of numbers that can be used to store data, encode a computational relation and represent quantum entanglement. In this sense a tensor can be viewed as valuable resource whose transformation can lead to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Matthias Christandl

Multi-layer graphs consist of several graphs (layers) over the same vertex set. They are motivated by real-world problems where entities (vertices) are associated via multiple types of relationships (edges in different layers). We chart the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Robert Bredereck , Christian Komusiewicz , Stefan Kratsch , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Manuel Sorge

Fix a hypergraph $\mathcal{F}$. A hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is called a {\it Berge copy of $\mathcal{F}$} or {\it Berge-$\mathcal{F}$} if we can choose a subset of each hyperedge of $\mathcal{H}$ to obtain a copy of $\mathcal{F}$. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-02 Martin Balko , Daniel Gerbner , Dong Yeap Kang , Younjin Kim , Cory Palmer

Hypergraphs are higher-order networks that capture the interactions between two or more nodes. Hypergraphs can always be represented by factor graphs, i.e. bipartite networks between nodes and factor nodes (representing groups of nodes).…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-10-08 Ginestra Bianconi , Sergey N. Dorogovtsev

A graph $G$ is said to be a `set graph' if it admits an acyclic orientation that is also `extensional', in the sense that the out-neighborhoods of its vertices are pairwise distinct. Equivalently, a set graph is the underlying graph of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Martin Milanič , Romeo Rizzi , Alexandru I. Tomescu

Persistent homology theory is a relatively new but powerful method in data analysis. Using simplicial complexes, classical persistent homology is able to reveal high dimensional geometric structures of datasets, and represent them as…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Yaru Gao , Yan Xu , Fengchun Lei

Recently, graph neural networks have been adopted in a wide variety of applications ranging from relational representations to modeling irregular data domains such as point clouds and social graphs. However, the space of graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Marcel Nassar

The vertices of a $k$-token graph of a graph $G$ correspond to $k$ indistinguishable tokens placed on $k$ different vertices of $G$. Changing some conditions on both the nature of the tokens and the number of tokens allowed in each vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Xiaodi Song , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol , Mercè Mora , Shenggui Zhang