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When functional data manifest amplitude and phase variations, a commonly-employed framework for analyzing them is to take away the phase variation through a function alignment and then to apply standard tools to the aligned functions. A…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-30 Sungwon Lee , Sungkyu Jung

In the functional linear regression model, many methods have been proposed and studied to estimate the slope function while the functional predictor was observed in the entire domain. However, works on functional linear regression models…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-21 Yafei Wang , Tingyu Lai , Bei Jiang , Linglong Kong , Zhongzhan Zhang

Sparse functional data arise when measurements are observed infrequently and at irregular time points for each subject, often in the presence of measurement error. These characteristics introduce additional challenges for functional…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Uche Mbaka , Jiguo Cao , Michelle Carey

The problem of estimating trend and seasonal variation in time-series data has been studied over several decades, although mostly using single time series. This paper studies the problem of estimating these components from functional data,…

Applications · Statistics 2017-04-25 Liang-Hsuan Tai , Anuj Srivastava , Kyle A. Gallivan

Functional principal component regression (PCR) can fail to provide good prediction if the response is highly correlated with some excluded functional principal component(s). This situation is common since the construction of functional…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-27 Zhiyang Zhou

The use of principal component methods to analyze functional data is appropriate in a wide range of different settings. In studies of ``functional data analysis,'' it has often been assumed that a sample of random functions is observed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Peter Hall , Hans-Georg Müller , Jane-Ling Wang

We introduce Adaptive Functional Principal Component Analysis, a novel method to capture directions of variation in functional data that exhibit sharp changes in smoothness. We first propose a new adaptive scatterplot smoothing technique…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-04 Angel Garcia de la Garza , Britton Sauerbrei , Adam Hantman , Jeff Goldsmith

Functional linear regression is a widely used approach to model functional responses with respect to functional inputs. However, classical functional linear regression models can be severely affected by outliers. We therefore introduce a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-02 Harjit Hullait , David S. Leslie , Nicos G. Pavlidis , Steve King

In the context of multivariate functional data with individual phase variation, we develop a robust depth-based approach to estimate the main pattern function when cross-component time warping is also present. In particular, we consider the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-02 Ana Arribas-Gil , Sara López-Pintado

We consider the problem of constructing a regression model with a functional predictor and a functional response. We extend the functional linear model to the quadratic model, where the quadratic term also takes the interaction between the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-01 Hidetoshi Matsui

In functional linear regression, the slope ``parameter'' is a function. Therefore, in a nonparametric context, it is determined by an infinite number of unknowns. Its estimation involves solving an ill-posed problem and has points of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-08-07 Peter Hall , Joel L. Horowitz

Functional linear regression is an important topic in functional data analysis. It is commonly assumed that samples of the functional predictor are independent realizations of an underlying stochastic process, and are observed over a grid…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-15 Cheng Chen , Shaojun Guo , Xinghao Qiao

In scientific applications, multivariate observations often come in tandem with temporal or spatial covariates, with which the underlying signals vary smoothly. The standard approaches such as principal component analysis and factor…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Mark Koudstaal , Dengdeng Yu , Dehan Kong , Fang Yao

Predicting missing segments in partially observed functions is challenging due to infinite-dimensionality, complex dependence within and across observations, and irregular noise. These challenges are further exacerbated by the existence of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-20 Fangyi Wang , Sebastian Kurtek , Yuan Zhang

Functional data analysis is a fast evolving branch of statistics. Estimation procedures for the popular functional linear model either suffer from lack of robustness or are computationally burdensome. To address these shortcomings, a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-27 Ioannis Kalogridis , Stefan Van Aelst

The function-on-function regression model is fundamental for analyzing relationships between functional covariates and responses. However, most existing function-on-function regression methodologies assume independence between observations,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-02 Ufuk Beyaztas , Han Lin Shang , Gizel Bakicierler Sezer

Asymptotic inference using functional principal component regression (FPCR) has long been considered difficult, largely because, upon any scalar scaling, the FPCR estimator fails to satisfy a central limit theorem, leading to the prevailing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Hyemin Yeon

We propose a principal components regression method based on maximizing a joint pseudo-likelihood for responses and predictors. Our method uses both responses and predictors to select linear combinations of the predictors relevant for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-10 Karl Oskar Ekvall

Functional quadratic regression models postulate a polynomial relationship between a scalar response rather than a linear one. As in functional linear regression, vertical and specially high-leverage outliers may affect the classical…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-30 Graciela Boente , Daniela Parada

There has been substantial recent work on methods for estimating the slope function in linear regression for functional data analysis. However, as in the case of more conventional finite-dimensional regression, much of the practical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 T. Tony Cai , Peter Hall