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We revisit the classical problem of exact inference on probabilistic graphical models (PGMs). Our algorithm is based on recent \emph{worst-case optimal database join} algorithms, which can be asymptotically faster than traditional data…
Region extraction is necessary in a wide range of applications, from object detection in autonomous driving to analysis of subcellular morphology in cell biology. There exist two main approaches: convex hull extraction, for which exact and…
Common spatial pattern (CSP) is a popular feature extraction method for electroencephalogram (EEG) motor imagery (MI). This study modifies the conventional CSP algorithm to improve the multi-class MI classification accuracy and ensure the…
We present a conceptually simple yet effective algorithm to detect wireframes in a given image. Compared to the previous methods which first predict an intermediate heat map and then extract straight lines with heuristic algorithms, our…
We present an end-to-end learned algorithm for seeded segmentation. Our method is based on the Random Walker algorithm, where we predict the edge weights of the underlying graph using a convolutional neural network. This can be interpreted…
Dimensionality reduction algorithms like principal component analysis (PCA) are workhorses of machine learning and neuroscience, but each has well-known limitations. Variants of PCA are simple and interpretable, but not flexible enough to…
In recent years, large visual language models (LVLMs) have shown impressive performance and promising generalization capability in multi-modal tasks, thus replacing humans as receivers of visual information in various application scenarios.…
Surrogate assisted evolutionary algorithms (EA) are rapidly gaining popularity where applications of EA in complex real world problem domains are concerned. Although EAs are powerful global optimizers, finding optimal solution to complex…
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been recently employed to solve problems from both the computer vision and medical image analysis fields. Despite their popularity, most approaches are only able to process 2D images while most…
Medical Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems play a supporting role to understand clinic-relevant information carried by medical images. The questions to a medical image include two categories: close-end (such as Yes/No question) and…
The classical hinge-loss support vector machines (SVMs) model is sensitive to outlier observations due to the unboundedness of its loss function. To circumvent this issue, recent studies have focused on non-convex loss functions, such as…
The major limitations of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy AI systems arise from a shortage of annotated data, strict privacy policies, and significant bottlenecks in conventional model fine-tuning. Such limitations impede the successful…
Variational autoencoder (VAE) is a widely used generative model for learning latent representations. Burda et al. in their seminal paper showed that learning capacity of VAE is limited by over-pruning. It is a phenomenon where a significant…
Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have shown remarkable results on various image synthesis tasks such as text-to-image generation and image inpainting. However, compared to other generative methods like VAEs and GANs, DPMs lack a…
Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are known for their efficiency in solving combinatorial optimization problems, thanks to their ability to explore diverse solution spaces, handle various representations, exploit parallelism, preserve good…
Semantic segmentation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) makes great sense for pathology diagnosis and decision system of medical robots. The multi-channel fMRI provides more information of the pathological features. But the…
Deep learning has significantly advanced image edge detection (ED), primarily through improved feature extraction. However, most existing ED models apply uniform feature fusion across all pixels, ignoring critical differences between…
Traditional hyperspectral unmixing methods neglect the underlying variability of spectral signatures often observed in typical hyperspectral images (HI), propagating these missmodeling errors throughout the whole unmixing process. Attempts…
In an increasing number of neuroimaging studies, brain images, which are in the form of multidimensional arrays (tensors), have been collected on multiple subjects at multiple time points. Of scientific interest is to analyze such massive…
Medical images are acquired at high resolutions with large fields of view in order to capture fine-grained features necessary for clinical decision-making. Consequently, training deep learning models on medical images can incur large…