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We propose and study a set of algorithms for discovering community structure in networks -- natural divisions of network nodes into densely connected subgroups. Our algorithms all share two definitive features: first, they involve iterative…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. E. J. Newman , M. Girvan

The quest to understand structure-function relationships in networks across scientific disciplines has intensified. However, the optimal network architecture remains elusive, particularly for complex information processing. Therefore, we…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-03-27 Manish Yadav , Sudeshna Sinha , Merten Stender

Network modeling based on ensemble averages tacitly assumes that the networks meant to be modeled are typical in the ensemble. Previous research on network eigenvalues, which govern a range of dynamical phenomena, has shown that this is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2011-11-29 Nicole Carlson , Dong-Hee Kim , Adilson E. Motter

Complex networks can be understood as graphs whose connectivity deviates from those of regular or near-regular graphs, which are understood as being `simple'. While a great deal of the attention so far dedicated to complex networks has been…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-08-29 Luciano da Fontoura Costa , Francisco A. Rodrigues

A number of recent studies have focused on the statistical properties of networked systems such as social networks and the World-Wide Web. Researchers have concentrated particularly on a few properties which seem to be common to many…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Michelle Girvan , M. E. J. Newman

In this paper, we introduce a conceptual framework that model human social networks as an undirected dot-product graph of independent individuals. Their relationships are only determined by a cost-benefit analysis, i.e. by maximizing an…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Aldric Labarthe , Yann Kerzreho

We introduce a growing network model in which a new node attaches to a randomly-selected node, as well as to all ancestors of the target node. This mechanism produces a sparse, ultra-small network where the average node degree grows…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner

Many systems in nature, society and technology can be described as networks, where the vertices are the system's elements and edges between vertices indicate the interactions between the corresponding elements. Edges may be weighted if the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-04-18 Filippo Radicchi , José J. Ramasco , Santo Fortunato

This paper considers generalised network, intended as networks where (a) the edges connecting the nodes are nonlinear, and (b) stochastic processes are continuously indexed over both vertices and edges. Such topological structures are…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Tobia Filosi , Claudio Agostinelli , Emilio Porcu

The sensitivity of networks regarding the removal of vertices has been studied extensively within the last 15 years. A common approach to measure this sensitivity is (i) removing successively vertices by following a specific removal…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Christoph Martin , Peter Niemeyer

How can researchers test for heterogeneity in the local structure of a network? In this paper, we present a framework that utilizes random sampling to give subgraphs which are then used in a goodness of fit test to test for heterogeneity.…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-04 Jonathan Tuke , Matthew Roughan

Complex networks are now being studied in a wide range of disciplines across science and technology. In this paper we propose a method by which one can probe the properties of experimentally obtained network data. Rather than just measuring…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-06-19 Michael Small , Kevin Judd , Thomas Stemler

The surrounding of a vertex in a network can be more or less symmetric. We derive measures of a specific kind of symmetry of a vertex which we call degree symmetry -- the property that many paths going out from a vertex have overlapping…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Petter Holme

We propose a simple model of influence in a network, based on edge density. In the model vertices (people) follow the opinion of the group they belong to. The opinion percolates down from an active vertex, the influencer, at the head of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Colin Cooper , Nan Kang , Tomasz Radzik

In many applications, it is needed to change the topology of a tensor network directly and without approximation. This work will introduce a general scheme that satisfies these needs. We will describe the procedure by two examples and show…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-03-08 Stefan Handschuh

Social networks have well documented effects at the individual and aggregate level. Consequently it is often useful to understand how an attempt to influence a network will change its structure and consequently achieve other goals. We…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-02-24 Jonathan Mellon , Jordan Yoder , Daniel Evans

A diffusion process on complex networks is introduced in order to uncover their large scale topological structures. This is achieved by focusing on the slowest decaying diffusive modes of the network. The proposed procedure is applied to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ingve Simonsen , Kasper Astrup Eriksen , Sergei Maslov , Kim Sneppen

In the context of growing networks, we introduce a simple dynamical model that unifies the generic features of real networks: scale-free distribution of degree and the small world effect. While the average shortest path length increases…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Konstantin Klemm , Victor M. Eguiluz

Spatial networks are networks where nodes are located in a space equipped with a metric. Typically, the space is two-dimensional and until recently and traditionally, the metric that was usually considered was the Euclidean distance. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho

Network dynamics may be viewed as a process of change in the edge structure of a network, in the vertex set on which edges are defined, or in both simultaneously. Though early studies of such processes were primarily descriptive, recent…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-03-29 Zack W. Almquist , Carter T. Butts