Related papers: Identifying typical Mg II flare spectra using mach…
The bulk of the radiative output of a solar flare is emitted from the chromosphere, which produces enhancements in the optical and UV continuum, and in many lines, both optically thick and thin. We have, until very recently, lacked…
A three-dimensional picture of the solar atmosphere's thermodynamics can be obtained by jointly analyzing multiple spectral lines that span many formation heights. In paper I, we found strong correlations between spectral shapes from a…
Mg II lines represent one of the strongest emissions from the chromospheric plasma during solar flares. In this article, we studied the Mg II lines observed during the X1 flare on March 29 2014 (SOL2014-03-29T17:48) by IRIS. IRIS detected…
In this work we leverage a weakly-labeled dataset of spectral data from NASAs IRIS satellite for the prediction of solar flares using the Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) paradigm. While standard supervised learning models expect a label…
The flare activity of the Sun has been studied for decades, using both space- and ground-based telescopes. In particular, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) provides unique diagnostics to investigate the thermodynamics of…
The prediction of solar flares is of practical and scientific interest; however, many machine learning methods used for this prediction task do not provide the physical explanations behind a model's performance. We made use of two recently…
The Mg II h&k doublet are two of the primary spectral lines observed by the Sun-pointing Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). These lines are tracers of the magnetic and thermal environment that spans from the photosphere to the…
NASA's Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) small explorer mission will study how the solar atmosphere is energized. IRIS contains an imaging spectrograph that covers the Mg II h&k lines as well as a slit-jaw imager centered at Mg…
With machine learning entering into the awareness of the heliophysics community, solar flare prediction has become a topic of increased interest. Although machine learning models have advanced with each successive publication, the input…
The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) has routinely observed the flaring Mg II NUV spectrum, offering excellent diagnostic potential and a window into the location of energy deposition. A number of studies have forward modelled…
The Mg ii h&k lines are key diagnostics of the solar chromosphere. They are sensitive to the temperature, density, and non-thermal velocities in the chromosphere. The average Mg ii h&k line profiles arising from previous 3D chromospheric…
Solar flares show highly unusual spectra, in which the thermodynamic conditions of the solar atmosphere are encoded. Current models are unable to fully reproduce the spectroscopic flare observations, especially the single-peaked spectral…
The Mg II h&k lines are amongst the best diagnostic tools of the upper solar chromosphere. This region of the atmosphere is of particular interest as it is the lowest region of the Sun's atmosphere where the magnetic field is dominant in…
The IRIS Mg II k line serves as a very good tool to diagnose the heating processes in solar flares. Recent studies have shown that apart from the usual red asymmetries which are interpreted as the result of condensation downflows, this line…
Spectral lines allow us to probe the thermodynamics of the solar atmosphere, but the shape of a single spectral line may be similar for different thermodynamic solutions. Multiline analyses are therefore crucial, but computationally…
We use radiation hydrodynamic simulations to examine two models of solar flare chromospheric heating: Alfv\'en wave dissipation and electron beam collisional losses. Both mechanisms are capable of strong chromospheric heating, and we show…
The bulk of solar flare energy is deposited in the chromosphere. Flare ribbons and footpoints in the chromosphere therefore offer great diagnostic potential of flare energy release and transport processes. High quality observations from the…
Spectroscopic observations of solar flares provide critical diagnostics of the physical conditions in the flaring atmosphere. Some key features in observed spectra have not yet been accounted for in existing flare models. Here we report a…
Inversion codes allow reconstructing a model atmosphere from observations. With the inclusion of optically thick lines that form in the solar chromosphere, such modelling is computationally very expensive because a non-LTE evaluation of the…
We analyze observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph of the Mg II k line, the Mg II UV subordinate lines, and the O I 135.6 nm line to better understand the solar plage chromosphere. We also make comparisons with…