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This review provides a conceptual and technical survey of methods for parameter estimation of gravitational wave signals in ground-based interferometers such as LIGO and Virgo. We introduce the framework of Bayesian inference and provide an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-01 Javier Roulet , Tejaswi Venumadhav

The gravitational waves emitted by binary neutron star inspirals contain information on nuclear matter above saturation density. However, extracting this information and conducting parameter estimation remains a computationally challenging…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-11 Thibeau Wouters , Peter T. H. Pang , Tim Dietrich , Chris Van Den Broeck

Recent discoveries of gravitational wave (GW) signals from astrophysical compact binary systems of neutron stars and black holes have firmly established them as prime sources for advanced GW detectors. Theoretical templates of expected…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-04 Soumen Roy , Anand S. Sengupta , Parameswaran Ajith

We present a fast method for obtaining fully analytical approximations for gravitational waveforms produced by merging of neutron stars and/or black holes for the earliest stages of the merger process. The obtained analytical formula is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-04 Aleksandra V. Mishakina , Sergei I. Blinnikov

Gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences are most efficiently identified through matched filter searches, which match the data against a pre-generated bank of gravitational-wave templates. Although different techniques…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-31 Connor McIsaac , Charlie Hoy , Ian Harry

We present a robust and efficient methodology for parameter estimation of gravitational waves generated during the post-merger phase of binary neutron star mergers. Our approach leverages an analytic waveform model combined with empirical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-13 Stamatis Vretinaris , Georgios Vretinaris , Christos Mermigkas , Minas Karamanis , Nikolaos Stergioulas

Gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries are searched using the matched filtering technique. As the model waveform depends on a number of parameters, it is necessary to filter the data through a template bank covering the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 S. Babak , R. Balasubramanian , D. Churches , T. Cokelaer , B. S. Sathyaprakash

While Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Rejection Sampling Fine-Tuning (RFT) are standard for LLM alignment, they either rely on costly expert data or discard valuable negative samples, leading to data inefficiency. To address this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zehua Liu , Shuqi Liu , Tao Zhong , Mingxuan Yuan

Weakly-modelled searches for gravitational waves are essential for ensuring that all potential sources are accounted for in detection efforts, as they make minimal assumptions regarding source morphology. While these searches primarily…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-06 Leigh Smith , Matteo Scialpi , Francesco di Clemente , Michał Bejger

We introduce an algorithm to marginalize the likelihood for a gravitational wave signal from a quasi-circular binary merger over its extrinsic parameters, accounting for the effects of higher harmonics and spin-induced precession. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-06 Javier Roulet , Jonathan Mushkin , Digvijay Wadekar , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Barak Zackay , Matias Zaldarriaga

Parameter estimation on gravitational wave signals from compact binary coalescence (CBC) requires the evaluation of computationally intensive waveform models, typically the bottleneck in the analysis. This cost will increase further as low…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-22 Serena Vinciguerra , John Veitch , Ilya Mandel

Once a gravitational wave signal is detected, the measurement of its source parameters is important to achieve various scientific goals. This is done through Bayesian inference, where the analysis cost increases with the model complexity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-29 Harsh Narola , Justin Janquart , Quirijn Meijer , K. Haris , Chris Van Den Broeck

The detection of gravitational waves from compact binaries relies on a computationally burdensome processing of gravitational-wave detector data. The parameter space of compact-binary-coalescence gravitational waves is large and optimal…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-05-12 Kipp Cannon , Chad Hanna , Drew Keppel , Antony C. Searle

Electromagnetic (EM) follow-up observations of gravitational wave (GW) events will help shed light on the nature of the sources, and more can be learned if the EM follow-ups can start as soon as the GW event becomes observable. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Jing Luan , Shaun Hooper , Linqing Wen , Yanbei Chen

We present a rapid parameter estimation framework for compact binary coalescence (CBC) signals observed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) detector network. The goal of our framework is to enable optimal source localization of binary neutron…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-26 Soichiro Morisaki , Rory Smith , Leo Tsukada , Surabhi Sachdev , Simon Stevenson , Colm Talbot , Aaron Zimmerman

Estimating the source parameters of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence(CBC) is a key analysis task in gravitational-wave astronomy. To deal with the increasing detection rate of CBC signals, optimizing the parameter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-13 Eunsub Lee , Soichiro Morisaki , Hideyuki Tagoshi

A yet undetected class of GW signals is represented by the close encounters between compact objects in highly-eccentric e~1 orbits, that can occur in binary systems formed in dense environments such as globular clusters. The expected…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-26 Federico De Santi , Massimiliano Razzano , Francesco Fidecaro , Luca Muccillo , Lucia Papalini , Barbara Patricelli

Using simple, intuitive arguments, we discuss the expected accuracy with which astrophysical parameters can be extracted from an observed gravitational wave signal. The observation of a chirp like signal in the data allows for measurement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-18 Stephen Fairhurst , Charlie Hoy , Rhys Green , Cameron Mills , Samantha A. Usman

Matched-filter searches for gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration use the FINDCHIRP algorithm: an implementation of the optimal filter with innovations to account for unknown signal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-19 Bruce Allen , Warren G. Anderson , Patrick R. Brady , Duncan A. Brown , Jolien D. E. Creighton

Bayesian model selection provides a powerful and mathematically transparent framework to tackle hypothesis testing, such as detection tests of gravitational waves emitted during the coalescence of binary systems using ground-based laser…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio