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Neural approaches to sequence labeling often use a Conditional Random Field (CRF) to model their output dependencies, while Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are used for the same purpose in other tasks. We set out to establish RNNs as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Saeed Najafi , Colin Cherry , Grzegorz Kondrak

This paper proposes hybrid semi-Markov conditional random fields (SCRFs) for neural sequence labeling in natural language processing. Based on conventional conditional random fields (CRFs), SCRFs have been designed for the tasks of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Zhi-Xiu Ye , Zhen-Hua Ling

Recent advances in deep neural models allow us to build reliable named entity recognition (NER) systems without handcrafting features. However, such methods require large amounts of manually-labeled training data. There have been efforts on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Jingbo Shang , Liyuan Liu , Xiang Ren , Xiaotao Gu , Teng Ren , Jiawei Han

Named Entity Recognition (NER) aims to extract and classify entity mentions in the text into pre-defined types (e.g., organization or person name). Recently, many works have been proposed to shape the NER as a machine reading comprehension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Yibo Wang , Wenting Zhao , Yao Wan , Zhongfen Deng , Philip S. Yu

Clinical Named Entity Recognition (CNER) aims to identify and classify clinical terms such as diseases, symptoms, treatments, exams, and body parts in electronic health records, which is a fundamental and crucial task for clinical and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Jiahui Qiu , Qi Wang , Yangming Zhou , Tong Ruan , Ju Gao

Conditional random fields (CRF) for label decoding has become ubiquitous in sequence labeling tasks. However, the local label dependencies and inefficient Viterbi decoding have always been a problem to be solved. In this work, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Tao Gui , Jiacheng Ye , Qi Zhang , Zhengyan Li , Zichu Fei , Yeyun Gong , Xuanjing Huang

We present a simple few-shot named entity recognition (NER) system based on nearest neighbor learning and structured inference. Our system uses a supervised NER model trained on the source domain, as a feature extractor. Across several test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Yi Yang , Arzoo Katiyar

Ultra-fine entity typing (UFET) aims to predict a wide range of type phrases that correctly describe the categories of a given entity mention in a sentence. Most recent works infer each entity type independently, ignoring the correlations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Chengyue Jiang , Yong Jiang , Weiqi Wu , Pengjun Xie , Kewei Tu

Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) constitute a popular and efficient approach for supervised sequence labelling. CRFs can cope with large description spaces and can integrate some form of structural dependency between labels. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-14 Nataliya Sokolovska , Thomas Lavergne , Olivier Cappé , François Yvon

Chinese named entity recognition (CNER) is an important task in Chinese natural language processing field. However, CNER is very challenging since Chinese entity names are highly context-dependent. In addition, Chinese texts lack delimiters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Fangzhao Wu , Junxin Liu , Chuhan Wu , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

We propose a novel discriminative model for sequence labeling called Bregman conditional random fields (BCRF). Contrary to standard linear-chain conditional random fields, BCRF allows fast parallelizable inference algorithms based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Caio Corro , Mathieu Lacroix , Joseph Le Roux

Named entity recognition (NER) is a crucial task that aims to identify structured information, which is often replete with complex, technical terms and a high degree of variability. Accurate and reliable NER can facilitate the extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Grace Yang , Zhiyi Li , Yadong Liu , Jungyeul Park

Current State-of-the-Art models in Named Entity Recognition (NER) are neural models with a Conditional Random Field (CRF) as the final network layer, and pre-trained "contextual embeddings". The CRF layer is used to facilitate global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Brian Lester , Daniel Pressel , Amy Hemmeter , Sagnik Ray Choudhury

Conditional random field (CRF) is an important probabilistic machine learning model for labeling sequential data, which is widely utilized in natural language processing, bioinformatics and computer vision. However, training the CRF model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-07 Yusen Wu , Chao-Hua Yu , Binbin Cai , Sujuan Qin , Fei Gao , Qiaoyan Wen

In recent years, the amount of Cyber Security data generated in the form of unstructured texts, for example, social media resources, blogs, articles, and so on has exceptionally increased. Named Entity Recognition (NER) is an initial step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Simran K , Sriram S , Vinayakumar R , Soman KP

Existing deep multi-object tracking (MOT) approaches first learn a deep representation to describe target objects and then associate detection results by optimizing a linear assignment problem. Despite demonstrated successes, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Jun Xiang , Ma Chao , Guohan Xu , Jianhua Hou

Complex textual information extraction tasks are often posed as sequence labeling or \emph{shallow parsing}, where fields are extracted using local labels made consistent through probabilistic inference in a graphical model with constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Dung Thai , Sree Harsha Ramesh , Shikhar Murty , Luke Vilnis , Andrew McCallum

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is one of the most common tasks of the natural language processing. The purpose of NER is to find and classify tokens in text documents into predefined categories called tags, such as person names, quantity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-10 L. T. Anh , M. Y. Arkhipov , M. S. Burtsev

We address the problem of semantic segmentation using deep learning. Most segmentation systems include a Conditional Random Field (CRF) to produce a structured output that is consistent with the image's visual features. Recent deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-01 Anurag Arnab , Sadeep Jayasumana , Shuai Zheng , Philip Torr

The phrase grounding task aims to ground each entity mention in a given caption of an image to a corresponding region in that image. Although there are clear dependencies between how different mentions of the same caption should be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Jiacheng Liu , Julia Hockenmaier