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At low redshift, massive black holes are found in the centers of almost all large elliptical galaxies, and also in many lower-mass systems. Their evolution is believed to be inextricably entangled with that of their host galaxies. On the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-20 Enrico Barausse , Andrea Lapi

We can be biased against observing massive black holes to merge in the local universe as the bounds on the maximum black hole mass ($M_{BH}^{\rm max}$) depends on the assumptions regarding the metallicity evolution of the star forming gas…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-02 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh , Will M. Farr

We present the population properties of binary black hole mergers identified by the $\tt{IAS\text{-}HM}$ pipeline (which incorporates higher-order modes in the search templates) during the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO, Virgo, and…

The high redshift merger rate and mass distribution of black hole binaries provide a direct probe to distinguish astrophysical black holes (ABHs) and primordial black holes (PBHs), which can be studied using the Stochastic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-18 Mohit Raj Sah , Suvodip Mukherjee

Motivated by the recent detection of gravitational waves from the black hole binary merger GW150914, we study the dynamical evolution of black holes in galactic nuclei where massive star clusters reside. With masses of ~10^7M_Sun and sizes…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-15 Fabio Antonini , Frederic A. Rasio

We perform N-body simulations on a multiple massive black hole (MBH) system in a host galaxy to derive the criteria for successive MBH merger. The calculations incorporate the dynamical friction by stars and general relativistic effects as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Ataru Tanikawa , Masayuki Umemura

We study the orbital evolution of black hole (BH) binaries in quadruple systems, where the tertiary binary excites large eccentricity in the BH binary through Lidov-Kozai (LK) oscillations, causing the binary BHs to merge via gravitational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-27 Bin Liu , Dong Lai

We combine sophisticated high precision scattering experiments, together with results from the Millenium-II simulation, to compute the cosmic merger rate of bound compact object (CO) binaries dynamically interacting with supermassive black…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-16 Yi-Han Wang , Nathan Leigh , Alberto Sesana , Rosalba Perna

We present a novel self-consistent theoretical framework to characterize the formation, evolution, and merger sites of dynamically-formed black hole binaries, with a focus on explaining the most massive events observed by the…

By a method of population synthesis we construct a model of dark matter (DM) accretion onto binary black holes (BHs), and investigate the merger rate of the binary BHs. We find that the merger rate can weakly increase (less than 10\%).…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-15 Tongzheng Wang , Lin Li , Chunhua Zhu , Zhaojun Wang , Anzhong Wang , Qiang Wu , Hai-Shan Liu , Guoliang Lü

We study the contribution of binary black hole (BH-BH) mergers from the first, metal-free stars in the Universe (Pop III) to gravitational wave detection rates. Our study combines initial conditions for the formation of Pop III stars based…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 K. Belczynski , T. Ryu , R. Perna , E. Berti , T. L. Tanaka , T. Bulik

The probability that the primordial black hole (PBH) binaries formed in the early Universe can be affected by the Hubble expansion of background, which is non-negligible when the number density of PBHs is very low (it is actually this case…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-04 Hai-Long Huang , Jun-Qian Jiang , Yun-Song Piao

The launch of space based gravitational wave (GW) detectors (e.g. Laser Interferometry Space Antenna; LISA) and current and upcoming Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) will extend the GW window to low frequencies, opening new investigations into…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-20 Samuel Banks , Katharine Lee , Nazanin Azimi , Kendall Scarborough , Nikolai Stefanov , Indra Periwal , Colin DeGraf , Tiziana Di Matteo

Up to now several gravitational-wave events from the coalescences of black hole binaries have been reported by LIGO/VIRGO, and imply that black holes should have an extended mass function. We work out the merger rate distribution of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 Zu-Cheng Chen , Qing-Guo Huang

We explore the connection between the gravitational wave (GW) merger rates of stellar-mass binary black holes (BBH) and galaxy properties. We do this by generating populations of stars using the binary population synthesis code COMPAS and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-28 Liana Rauf , Cullan Howlett , Tamara M. Davis , Claudia D. P. Lagos

The advent of new and near-future observatories probing the earliest epochs of the Universe has opened the opportunity to investigate the formation and growth of the first massive black holes (MBHs). Additionally, the use of high resolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-30 Joe McCaffrey , John Regan , Britton Smith , John Wise , Brian O'Shea , Michael Norman

We performed Population III (Pop III) binary evolution by using population synthesis simulations for seven different models. We found that Pop III binaries tend to be binary black holes (BBHs) with chirp mass $M_{\rm chirp} \sim…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-30 Tomoya Kinugawa , Takashi Nakamura , Hiroyuki Nakano

Population III (Pop. III) binary stars likely produced the first stellar-born binary black hole (BBH) mergers in the Universe. Here, we quantify the main sources of uncertainty for the merger rate density evolution and mass spectrum of Pop.…

Next-generation ground-based gravitational wave observatories will observe mergers of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) out to high redshift. Such IMBHs can form through runaway tidal encounters in the cores of dense stellar clusters.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-27 Konstantinos Kritos , Luca Reali , Ken K. Y. Ng , Fabio Antonini , Emanuele Berti

The first stars forming in minihaloes at redshifts greater than 20 may have been very massive and could have left behind massive black hole (MBH) remnants. In previous papers we investigated the hierarchical merging of these `seed' MBHs and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ranty R. Islam , James E. Taylor , Joseph Silk