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Related papers: Truth, Disjunction, and Induction

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It is shown that Vop\v{e}nka's Principle (VP) can restore almost the entire ZF over a weak fragment of it. Namely, if EST is the theory consisting of the axioms of Extensionality, Empty Set, Pairing, Union, Cartesian Product,…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Athanassios Tzouvaras

We consider Presburger arithmetic extended by the sine function, call this extension sine-Presburger arithmetic ($\sin$-PA), and systematically study decision problems for sets of sentences in $\sin$-PA. In particular, we detail a decision…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-05-03 Eion Blanchard , Philipp Hieronymi

The paper investigates from a proof-theoretic perspective various non-contractive logical systems circumventing logical and semantic paradoxes. Until recently, such systems only displayed additive quantifiers (Gri\v{s}in, Cantini). Systems…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-01-08 Carlo Nicolai , Mario Piazza , Matteo Tesi

In causal inference, the joint law of a set of counterfactual random variables is generally not identified. We show that a conservative version of the joint law - corresponding to the smallest treatment effect - is identified. Finding this…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-20 Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Edward Kennedy , Larry Wasserman

This paper establishes a formal framework, grounded in mathematical logic and order theory, to analyze the inherent limitations of radical transparency. We demonstrate that self-referential disclosure policies inevitably encounter…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Faruk Alpay , Hamdi Alakkad

G\"odel's first and second incompleteness theorems are corner stones of modern mathematics. In this article we present a new proof of these theorems for ZFC and theories containing ZFC, using Chaitin's incompleteness theorem and a very…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-02-20 David O. Zisselman

We prove preservation theorems for $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1, G}$, the countable fragment of Vaught's closed game logic. These are direct generalizations of the theorems of \L{}o\'s-Tarski (resp. Lyndon) on sentences of $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1,…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-12-30 Christian Espíndola

In this work we propose a multi-valued extension of logic programs under the stable models semantics where each true atom in a model is associated with a set of justifications, in a similar spirit than a set of proof trees. The main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-12-24 Pedro Cabalar , Jorge Fandinno

A set theory is developed based on the approximations of sets and denoted by AS. In AS the set of all sets exists but the argument for Russell's and Cantor's paradox fail. The Axioms of Separation, Replacement and Foundation are not valid.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-04-15 Slavko Rede

We systematically study several versions of the disjunction and the existence properties in modal arithmetic. First, we newly introduce three classes $\mathrm{B}$, $\Delta(\mathrm{B})$, and $\Sigma(\mathrm{B})$ of formulas of modal…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-12-20 Taishi Kurahashi , Motoki Okuda

The standard interpretation of first-order number theory (PA), according to the generally accepted view, associates well-defined set-theoretic entities with each and every well-formed formula of this system. But this implies that the class…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Stephen Boyce

For more than a century, Cantor's theory of transfinite numbers has played a pivotal role in set theory, with ramifications that extend to many areas of mathematics. This article extends earlier findings with a fresh look at the critical…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-05-17 Juan A Perez

In previous papers on this project a general static logical framework for formalizing and mechanizing set theories of different strength was suggested, and the power of some predicatively acceptable theories in that framework was explored.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Arnon Avron , Liron Cohen

We show that the decidability of the first-order theory of the language that combines Boolean algebras of sets of uninterpreted elements with Presburger arithmetic operations. We thereby disprove a recent conjecture that this theory is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Viktor Kuncak , Martin Rinard

We use a second-order analogy $\mathsf{PRA}^2$ of $\mathsf{PRA}$ to investigate the proof-theoretic strength of theorems in countable algebra, analysis, and infinite combinatorics. We compare our results with similar results in the…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Nikolay Bazhenov , Marta Fiori-Carones , Lu Liu , Alexander Melnikov

Disjunctive Linear Arithmetic (DLA) is a major decidable theory that is supported by almost all existing theorem provers. The theory consists of Boolean combinations of predicates of the form $\Sigma_{j=1}^{n}a_j\cdot x_j \le b$, where the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ofer Strichman

Let K be a variety of (commutative, integral) residuated lattices. The substructural logic usually associated with K is an algebraizable logic that has K as its equivalent algebraic semantics, and is a logic that preserves truth, i.e., 1 is…

Logic · Mathematics 2009-10-02 F. Bou , F. Esteva , J. M. Font , A. Gil , L. Godo , A. Torrens , V. Verdú

Let $\operatorname{Con}(\mathbf T)\!\restriction\!x$ denote the finite consistency statement "there are no proofs of contradiction in $\mathbf T$ with $\leq x$ symbols". For a large class of natural theories $\mathbf T$, Pudl\'ak has shown…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-03-09 Anton Freund , Fedor Pakhomov

Ordinary and transfinite recursion and induction and ZF set theory are used to construct from a fully interpreted object language and from an extra formula a new language. It is fully interpreted under a suitably defined interpretation.…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-12-15 Seppo Heikkilä

Strict-Tolerant Logic (ST) underpins naive theories of truth and vagueness (respectively including a fully disquotational truth predicate and an unrestricted tolerance principle) without jettisoning any classically valid laws. The classical…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Francesco Paoli , Adam Přenosil