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Training deep generative models with maximum likelihood remains a challenge. The typical workaround is to use variational inference (VI) and maximize a lower bound to the log marginal likelihood of the data. Variational auto-encoders (VAEs)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-13 Adji B. Dieng , John Paisley

Sampling trajectories from a distribution followed by ranking them based on a specified cost function is a common approach in autonomous driving. Typically, the sampling distribution is hand-crafted (e.g a Gaussian, or a grid). Recently,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Simon Idoko , Basant Sharma , Arun Kumar Singh

Learning from an imbalanced distribution presents a major challenge in predictive modeling, as it generally leads to a reduction in the performance of standard algorithms. Various approaches exist to address this issue, but many of them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Samuel Stocksieker , Denys Pommeret , Arthur Charpentier

Disentangled representation learning aims to represent the underlying generative factors of a dataset in a latent representation independently of one another. In our work, we propose a discrete variational autoencoder (VAE) based model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Gulcin Baykal , Melih Kandemir , Gozde Unal

Variational Autoencoders are powerful models for unsupervised learning. However deep models with several layers of dependent stochastic variables are difficult to train which limits the improvements obtained using these highly expressive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-05-30 Casper Kaae Sønderby , Tapani Raiko , Lars Maaløe , Søren Kaae Sønderby , Ole Winther

Masked Autoencoder (MAE) is a self-supervised approach for representation learning, widely applicable to a variety of downstream tasks in computer vision. In spite of its success, it is still not fully uncovered what and how MAE exactly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Jeongwoo Shin , Inseo Lee , Junho Lee , Joonseok Lee

Graph autoencoders (GAEs) and graph contrastive learning (GCL) are two major paradigms for self-supervised representation learning on graphs, yet they are often studied in isolation and treated as fundamentally different approaches. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jintang Li , Ruofan Wu , Yuchang Zhu , Huizhe Zhang , Zulun Zhu , Liang Chen

The framework of variational autoencoders allows us to efficiently learn deep latent-variable models, such that the model's marginal distribution over observed variables fits the data. Often, we're interested in going a step further, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-22 Ilyes Khemakhem , Diederik P. Kingma , Ricardo Pio Monti , Aapo Hyvärinen

Embracing the deep learning techniques for representation learning in clustering research has attracted broad attention in recent years, yielding a newly developed clustering paradigm, viz. the deep clustering (DC). Typically, the DC models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Shuai Chang

We demonstrate in this paper that a generative model can be designed to perform classification tasks under challenging settings, including adversarial attacks and input distribution shifts. Specifically, we propose a conditional variational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Houpu Yao , Malcolm Regan , Yezhou Yang , Yi Ren

Data encoding is a common and central operation in most data analysis tasks. The performance of other models downstream in the computational process highly depends on the quality of data encoding. One of the most powerful ways to encode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Teddy Lazebnik , Liron Simon-Keren

Variational autoencoders (VAE) often use Gaussian or category distribution to model the inference process. This puts a limit on variational learning because this simplified assumption does not match the true posterior distribution, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Ke Sun , Xiangliang Zhang

We propose the Wasserstein Auto-Encoder (WAE)---a new algorithm for building a generative model of the data distribution. WAE minimizes a penalized form of the Wasserstein distance between the model distribution and the target distribution,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-06 Ilya Tolstikhin , Olivier Bousquet , Sylvain Gelly , Bernhard Schoelkopf

Generative autoencoders learn compact latent representations of data distributions through jointly optimized encoder--decoder pairs. In particular, Wasserstein autoencoders (WAEs) minimize a relaxed optimal transport (OT) objective, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Moritz Piening , Matthias Chung

A large part of the literature on learning disentangled representations focuses on variational autoencoders (VAE). Recent developments demonstrate that disentanglement cannot be obtained in a fully unsupervised setting without inductive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Graziano Mita , Maurizio Filippone , Pietro Michiardi

Discretization invariant learning aims at learning in the infinite-dimensional function spaces with the capacity to process heterogeneous discrete representations of functions as inputs and/or outputs of a learning model. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yong Zheng Ong , Zuowei Shen , Haizhao Yang

The autoencoder is an unsupervised learning paradigm that aims to create a compact latent representation of data by minimizing the reconstruction loss. However, it tends to overlook the fact that most data (images) are embedded in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Alokendu Mazumder , Tirthajit Baruah , Bhartendu Kumar , Rishab Sharma , Vishwajeet Pattanaik , Punit Rathore

In this paper, we propose a novel, effective and simpler end-to-end image clustering auto-encoder algorithm: ICAE. The algorithm uses PEDCC (Predefined Evenly-Distributed Class Centroids) as the clustering centers, which ensures the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Qiuyu Zhu , Zhengyong Wang

This paper introduces the Descriptive Variational Autoencoder (DVAE), an unsupervised and end-to-end trainable neural network for predicting vehicle trajectories that provides partial interpretability. The novel approach is based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Marion Neumeier , Andreas Tollkühn , Thomas Berberich , Michael Botsch

We consider the closely related problems of sampling from a distribution known up to a normalizing constant, and estimating said normalizing constant. We show how variational autoencoders (VAEs) can be applied to this task. In their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 George T. Cantwell
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