Related papers: Shrinking braids and Left distributive monoid
Some curious structural similarities between a recent braid- and Hurwitz algebraic description of the unbroken internal symmetries for a single generations of Standard Model fermions were recently identified. The non-trivial braid groups…
The discrepancy BR for an $m \times n$ $0,1$-matrix from Brualdi and Sanderson \cite{Brualdi1998} counts the minimum number of $1$'s which need to be shifted in each row to the left to achieve its Ferrers matrix, i.e. each row consists of…
We identify natural symmetries of each rigid higher braided category. Specifically, we construct a functorial action by the continuous group $\Omega \mathsf{O}(n)$ on each $\mathcal{E}_{n-1}$-monoidal $(g,d)$-category $\mathcal{R}$ in which…
Given two monads $S$, $T$ on a category where idempotents split, and a weak distributive law between them, one can build a combined monad $U$. Making explicit what this monad $U$ is requires some effort. When we already have an idea what…
The skew monoidal categories of Szlach\'anyi are a weakening of monoidal categories where the three structural laws of left and right unitality and associativity are not required to be isomorphisms but merely transformations in a particular…
The space of monic squarefree complex polynomials has a stratification according to the multiplicities of the critical points. We introduce a method to study these strata by way of the infinite-area translation surface associated to the…
Let $G$ be a group. The directed endomorphism graph, $\dend(G)$ of $G$ is a directed graph with vertex set $G$ and there is a directed edge from the vertex $a$ to the vertex $b$ if $a \neq b$ and there exists an endomorphism on $G$ mapping…
We give a generalized definition of stretch that simplifies the efficient construction of low-stretch embeddings suitable for graph algorithms. The generalization, based on discounting highly stretched edges by taking their $p$-th power for…
Given an action of a monoid $T$ on a ring $A$ by ring endomorphisms, and an Ore subset $S$ of $T$, a general construction of a fractional skew monoid ring $S^{\rm op} * A * T$ is given, extending the usual constructions of skew group rings…
We study the distribution of arithmetic invariants associated to Alexander polynomials for certain infinite families of links. The families of links we consider arise from braids on a fixed number of strings. We explore analogies with…
Braid monodromy is an important tool for computing invariants of curves and surfaces. In this paper, the \emph{rectangular braid diagram (RBD)} method is proposed to compute the braid monodromy of a completely reducible $n$-gonal curve,…
The surface singular braid monoid corresponds to marked graph diagrams of knotted surfaces in braid form. In a quest to resolve linearity problem for this monoid, we will show that if it is defined on at least two or at least three strands,…
In this paper we consider endomorphisms of an undirected cycle graph from Semigroup Theory perspective. Our main aim is to present a process to determine sets of generators with minimal cardinality for the monoids $wEnd(C_n)$ and $End(C_n)$…
We introduce a preorder on an inverse semigroup $S$ associated to any normal inverse subsemigroup $N$, that lies between the natural partial order and Green's ${\mathscr J}$-relation. The corresponding equivalence relation $\simeq_N$ is not…
Every left-invariant ordering of a group is either discrete, meaning there is a least element greater than the identity, or dense. Corresponding to this dichotomy, the spaces of left, Conradian, and bi-orderings of a group are naturally…
Trees are partial orderings where every element has a linearly ordered set of smaller elements. We define and study several natural notions of completeness of trees, extending Dedekind completeness of linear orders and Dedekind-MacNeille…
The disjoint union of mapping class groups of surfaces forms a braided monoidal category $\mathcal M$, as the disjoint union of the braid groups $\mathcal B$ does. We give a concrete, and geometric meaning of the braiding $\beta_{r,s}$ in…
We construct a one-dimensional deformation retract of the unordered k-point configuration space of a star S. This retract suggests an explicit set of free generators Beta_k for the corresponding braid group of the star B_k and shows that…
We study arithmetic properties of factorizations of elements into products of generators, in monoids given with explicit presentations. After relating and comparing this perspective to the more usual approach of factoring into products of…
We introduce the concept of braided left-symmetric bialgebras and construct cocycle bicrossproduct left-symmetric bialgebras. As an application, we solve the extending problem for left-symmetric bialgebras by using some non-abelian…