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While quantum speed-up in solving certain decision problems by a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer has been promised, a timely research interest includes how far one can reduce the resource requirement to demonstrate a provable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-01 Jacob Miller , Stephen Sanders , Akimasa Miyake

A typical bipartite quantum protocol, such as EPR-steering, relies on two quantum features, entanglement of states and incompatibility of measurements. Noise can delete both of these quantum features. In this work we study the behavior of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-14 Teiko Heinosaari , Jukka Kiukas , Daniel Reitzner , Jussi Schultz

We develop a technique to find simultaneous measurements for noisy quantum observables in finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. We use the method to derive lower bounds for the noise needed to make incompatible measurements jointly measurable.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-17 Roope Uola , Kimmo Luoma , Tobias Moroder , Teiko Heinosaari

Efficient understanding of a quantum system fundamentally relies on the selection of observables. Pauli observables and mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) are widely used in practice and are often regarded as theoretically optimal for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-28 Yu Wang , Hanru Jiang , Yongxiang Liu , Keren Li

Quantum state tomography is a core task in quantum system identification. Real experimental conditions often deviate from nominal designs, introducing errors in both the measurement devices and the Hamiltonian governing the system's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Alan Chen , Shuixin Xiao , Hailan Ma , Daoyi Dong

Access to quantum computing is steadily increasing each year as the speed advantage of quantum computers solidifies with the growing number of usable qubits. However, the inherent noise encountered when running these systems can lead to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 Jon Gardeazabal-Gutierrez , Erik B. Terres-Escudero , Pablo García Bringas

In quantum mechanics some properties are maximally incompatible, such as the position and momentum of a particle or the vertical and horizontal projections of a 2-level spin. Given any definite state of one property the other property is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. J. Skinner , V. A. Newell , R. Sanchez

Mutually unbiased bases (MUB) are useful in a number of research areas. The symmetry of MUB is an elusive and interesting subject. A (complete set of) MUB in dimension $d$ is sharply covariant if it can be generated by a group of order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Huangjun Zhu

When an optimal measurement is made on a qubit and what we call an Unbiased Mixture of the resulting ensembles is taken, then the post measurement density matrix is shown to be related to the pre-measurement density matrix through a simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Chirag Dhara , N. D. Hari Dass

We study a quantum process reconstruction based on the use of mutually unbiased projectors (MUB-projectors) as input states for a D-dimensional quantum system, with D being a power of a prime number. This approach connects the results of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 A. Fernández-Pérez , A. B. Klimov , C. Saavedra

Quantum measurements play a fundamental role in quantum information. Therefore, increasing efforts are being made to construct symmetric measurement operators for qudit systems. A wide class of projective measurements corresponds to complex…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Katarzyna Siudzińska

Mutation analysis has long been used in classical software testing and has recently been adopted for assessing the robustness of quantum software testing techniques. However, existing studies assume ideal, noiseless execution, overlooking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sophie Fortz , Eñaut Mendiluze Usandizaga , Shaukat Ali , Paolo Arcaini , Mohammad Reza Mousavi

We study entanglement witness and present a construction of entanglement witnesses in terms of the mutually unbiased measurements (MUMs). These witnesses include the entanglement witnesses constructed from mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-05 Tao Li , Le-Min Lai , Shao-Ming Fei , Zhi-Xi Wang

While the power of quantum computers is commonly acknowledged to rise exponentially, it is often overlooked that the complexity of quantum noise mechanisms generally grows much faster. In particular, quantifying whether the instructions on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Pedro Figueroa-Romero , Miha Papič , Adrian Auer , Inés de Vega

Noisy quantum walks are studied from the perspective of comparing their quantumness as defined by two popular measures, measurement-induced disturbance (MID) and quantum discord (QD). While the former has an operational definition, unlike…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-01 Balaji R. Rao , R. Srikanth , C. M. Chandrashekar , Subhashish Banerjee

Measurement incompatibility is one of the basic aspects of quantum theory. Here we study the structure of the set of compatible -- i.e. jointly measurable -- measurements. We are interested in whether or not there exist compatible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Paul Skrzypczyk , Matty J. Hoban , Ana Belén Sainz , Noah Linden

Quantum metrology is a promising practical use case for quantum technologies, where physical quantities can be measured with unprecedented precision. In lieu of quantum error correction procedures, near term quantum devices are expected to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-03 Yingkai Ouyang , Nathan Shettell , Damian Markham

Whenever a mathematical proposition to be proved requires more information than it is contained in an axiomatic system, it can neither be proved nor disproved, i.e. it is undecidable, or logically undetermined, within this axiomatic system.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-06 Caslav Brukner

A quantum observable and a channel are considered compatible if they form parts of the same measurement device, otherwise they are incompatible. Constrains on compatibility between observables and channels can be quantified via relations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-28 T. Heinosaari , D. Reitzner , T. Rybár , M. Ziman

We study the entanglement detection by using mutually unbiased measurements and provide a quantum separability criterion that can be experimentally implemented for arbitrary $d$-dimensional bipartite systems. We show that this criterion is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Bin Chen , Teng Ma , Shao-Ming Fei