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We study a system of coalescing random walks on the integer lattice $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$ in which the walk is oriented in the $d$-th direction and follows certain specified rules. We first study the geometry of the paths and show that, almost…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-08-23 Azadeh Parvaneh , Afshin Parvardeh , Rahul Roy

The Brownian sphere is a random metric space, homeomorphic to the two-dimensional sphere, which arises as the universal scaling limit of many types of random planar maps. The direct construction of the Brownian sphere is via a continuous…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Omer Angel , Emmanuel Jacob , Brett Kolesnik , Grégory Miermont

The Brownian Web (BW) is a family of coalescing Brownian motions starting from every point in space and time $\R\times\R$. It was first introduced by Arratia, and later analyzed in detail by T\'{o}th and Werner. More recently, Fontes,…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Rongfeng Sun

A factor graph of a point process is a graph whose vertices are the points of the process, and which is constructed from the process in a deterministic isometry-invariant way. We prove that the d-dimensional Poisson process has a one-ended…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander E. Holroyd , Yuval Peres

A spanning 2-forest separating vertices $u$ and $v$ of an undirected connected graph is a spanning forest with 2 components such that $u$ and $v$ are in distinct components. Aside from their combinatorial significance, spanning 2-forests…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-17 Wayne Barrett , Emily J. Evans , Amanda E. Francis , Mark Kempton , John Sinkovic

The stationary horizon (SH) is a stochastic process of coupled Brownian motions indexed by their real-valued drifts. It was first introduced by the first author as the diffusive scaling limit of the Busemann process of exponential…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-05 Ofer Busani , Timo Seppäläinen , Evan Sorensen

A general formulation is presented for continuum scaling limits of stochastic spanning trees. A spanning tree is expressed in this limit through a consistent collection of subtrees, which includes a tree for every finite set of endpoints in…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-06-19 Michael Aizenman , Almut Burchard , Charles M. Newman , David B. Wilson

This paper deals with the size of the spanning tree of p randomly chosen nodes in a binary search tree. It is shown via generating functions methods, that for fixed p, the (normalized) spanning tree size converges in law to the Normal…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alois Panholzer , Helmut Prodinger

Semidirected networks have received interest in evolutionary biology as the appropriate generalization of unrooted trees to networks, in which some but not all edges are directed. Yet these networks lack proper theoretical study. We define…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-14 Michael Maxfield , Jingcheng Xu , Cécile Ané

We consider the problem of constructing a single spanning tree for the single-source buy-at-bulk network design problem for doubling-dimension graphs. We compute a spanning tree to route a set of demands (or data) along a graph to or from a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-04-05 Srivathsan Srinivasagopalan , Costas Busch , S. S. Iyengar

Given a finite planar graph, a grove is a spanning forest in which every component tree contains one or more of a specified set of vertices (called nodes) on the outer face. For the uniform measure on groves, we compute the probabilities of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-30 Richard W. Kenyon , David B. Wilson

We present exact analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths (DSPL) in a directed network model that grows by node duplication. Such models are useful in the study of the structure and growth dynamics of gene regulatory…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-21 Chanania Steinbock , Ofer Biham , Eytan Katzav

In this note we study the geometry of the component of the origin in the Uniform Spanning Forest of $\mathbb{Z}^d$, as well as in the Uniform Spanning Tree of wired subgraphs of $\mathbb{Z}^d$, when $d \ge 5$. In particular, we study…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-05 Martin T. Barlow , Antal A. Járai

When modeling a directed social network, one choice is to use the traditional preferential attachment model, which generates power-law tail distributions. In a traditional directed preferential attachment, every new edge is added…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-18 Tiandong Wang , Sidney I. Resnick

Phylogenetic networks are a type of directed acyclic graph that represent how a set $X$ of present-day species are descended from a common ancestor by processes of speciation and reticulate evolution. In the absence of reticulate evolution,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Andrew Francis , Charles Semple , Mike Steel

We generalize the uniform spanning tree to construct a family of determinantal measures on essential spanning forests on periodic planar graphs in which every component tree is bi-infinite. Like the uniform spanning tree, these measures…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Richard Kenyon

Given a set of sources and a set of sinks as points in the Euclidean plane, a directed network is a directed graph drawn in the plane with a directed path from each source to each sink. Such a network may contain nodes other than the given…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2020-05-20 Alastair Maxwell , Konrad J. Swanepoel

We obtain a bijection between some set of multidimensional sequences and this of $d$-type plane forests which is based on the breadth first search algorithm. This coding sequence is related to the sequence of population sizes indexed by the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-02 Loïc Chaumont

We introduce an ensemble of spatial networks built from the junctions of hindered-rotation chains, incorporating directional correlations between bonds, an aspect ignored in the standard network modeling paradigm. The emergent random…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-12-05 Ulysse Marquis

Constrained Forest Problems (CFPs) as introduced by Goemans and Williamson in 1995 capture a wide range of network design problems with edge subsets as solutions, such as Minimum Spanning Tree, Steiner Forest, and Point-to-Point Connection.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Corinna Coupette , Alipasha Montaseri , Christoph Lenzen