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The increasing electrification of human activities and the rapid integration of variable renewable energy sources strain the power grid. A solution to address the need for more grid storage is to use the battery of electric vehicles as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Sabri El Amrani , Thibaut Horel , Saurabh Vaishampayan , Maryam Kamgarpour , Munther A. Dahleh

Increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) within distribution feeders provides unprecedented flexibility at the distribution-transmission interconnection. To exploit this flexibility and to use the capacity potential of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-16 Bai Cui , Ahmed Zamzam , Andrey Bernstein

Real-time quantification of residential building energy flexibility is needed to enable a cost-efficient operation of active distribution grids. A promising means is to use the so-called flexibility envelope concept to represent the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-16 Nami Hekmat , Hanmin Cai , Thierry Zufferey , Gabriela Hug , Philipp Heer

This paper proposes a coordinated energy-mobility dispatch framework for grid support service provision in smart cities under time constraints. In particular, a scenario in which a distributed system operator requests a specified amount of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Nikolas Sacchi , Giacomo Basile , Silvia Siri , Manuela Minetti , Andrea Bonfiglio , Antonella Ferrara

The integration of more intermittent generation, energy storage, and dynamic loads on top of a competitive market environment requires future grids to handle increasing diversity of power injection states. Grid planners need new tools and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-04-18 A. E. Tio , D. J. Hill , J. Ma

Power electronic interfaced devices progressively enable the increasing provision of flexible operational actions in distribution networks. The feasible flexibility these devices can effectively provide requires estimation and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-14 Demetris Chrysostomou , Jose Luis Rueda Torres , Jochen Lorenz Cremer

The rapid growth of data centres poses an evolving challenge for power systems with high variable renewable energy. Traditionally operated as passive electrical loads, data centres, have the potential to become active participants that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Mehmet Turker Takci , James Day , Meysam Qadrdan

Motivated by the increasing need to hedge against load and generation uncertainty in the operation of power grids, we propose flexibility maximization during operation. We consider flexibility explicitly as the amount of uncertainty that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Aron Zingler , Stephane Fliscounakis , Patrick Panciatici , Alexander Mitsos

Leveraging populations of thermostatically controlled loads could provide vast storage capacity to the grid. To realize this potential, their flexibility must be accurately aggregated and represented to the system operator as a single,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Karan Mukhi , Alessandro Abate

The bulk power grid is divided into regional grids interconnected with multiple tie-lines for efficient operation. Since interconnected power grids are operated by different control centers, it is a challenging task to realize coordinated…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-07 Siyuan Wang , Cheng Feng , Fengqi You

Data centers are facilities housing computing infrastructure for processing and storing digital information. The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence is driving unprecedented growth in data center capacity, with global electricity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-30 Haoxiang Wan , Linhan Fang , Xingpeng Li

Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) such as air conditioners and water heaters typically maintain their temperature within a preset range using on/off actuation. These types of loads are inherently flexible: many different power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-15 Austin Coffman , Neil Cammardella , Prabir Barooah , Sean Meyn

Understanding electrical energy demand at the consumer level plays an important role in planning the distribution of electrical networks and offering of off-peak tariffs, but observing individual consumption patterns is still expensive. On…

Applications · Statistics 2021-06-29 Gabriel Franco , Camila P. E. de Souza , Nancy L. Garcia

The integration of renewable generation poses operational and economic challenges for the electricity grid. For the core problem of power balance, the legacy paradigm of tailoring supply to follow random demand may be inappropriate under…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-09-25 Ashutosh Nayyar , Matias Negrete-Pincetic , Kameshwar Poolla , Pravin Varaiya

As the proportion of total power supplied by renewable sources increases, it gets more costly to use reserve generation to compensate for the variability of renewables like solar and wind. Hence attention has been drawn to exploiting…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-08-26 Ashutosh Nayyar , Matias Negrete-Pincetic , Kameshwar Poolla , Pravin Varaiya

This paper considers the optimal dispatch of energy-constrained heterogeneous storage units to maximise security of supply. A policy, requiring no knowledge of the future, is presented and shown to minimise unserved energy during…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Michael P. Evans , Simon Tindemans , David Angeli

The rapid expansion of data center infrastructure is reshaping power system dynamics by significantly increasing electricity demand while also offering potential for fast and controllable flexibility. To ensure reliable operation under such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Pengyu Ren , Wei Sun , Yifan Wang , Gareth Harrison

As global concerns regarding climate change are increasing worldwide, the transition towards clean energy sources has accelerated. Accounting for a large share of energy consumption, the electricity sector is experiencing a significant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-16 Omid Mirzapour , Xinyang Rui , Brittany Pruneau , Mostafa Sahraei-Ardakani

Dispatchability of renewable energy sources and inflexible loads can be achieved using a volatility-compensating energy storage. However, as the future power outputs of the inflexible devices are uncertain, the computation of a dispatch…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-05-25 R. R. Appino , J. Á. González Ordiano , R. Mikut , V. Hagenmeyer , T. Faulwasser

We consider the charge scheduling coordination of a fleet of plug-in electric vehicles, developing a hybrid decision-making framework for efficient and profitable usage of the distribution grid. Each charging dynamics, affected by the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-24 Carlo Cenedese , Filippo Fabiani , Michele Cucuzzella , Jacquelien M. A. Scherpen , Ming Cao , Sergio Grammatico