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The demand for edge artificial intelligence to process event-based, complex data calls for hardware beyond conventional digital, von-Neumann architectures. Neuromorphic computing, using spiking neural networks (SNNs) with emerging…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Zhu Wang , Song Wang , Zhiyuan Du , Ruibin Mao , Yu Xiao , Hayden Kwok-Hay So , Peng Lin , Can Li

There has been a strong push recently to examine biological scale simulations of neuromorphic algorithms to achieve stronger inference capabilities. This paper presents a set of piecewise linear spiking neuron models, which can reproduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-12-18 Hamid Soleimani , Arash Ahmadi , Mohammad Bavandpour

This paper presents a massively parallel and scalable neuromorphic cortex simulator designed for simulating large and structurally connected spiking neural networks, such as complex models of various areas of the cortex. The main novelty of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Runchun Wang , Chetan Singh Thakur , Andre van Schaik

The rising demand for energy-efficient edge AI systems (e.g., mobile agents/robots) has increased the interest in neuromorphic computing, since it offers ultra-low power/energy AI computation through spiking neural network (SNN) algorithms…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Pasindu Wickramasinghe , Muhammad Shafique

Digital neuromorphic processors are emerging as a promising computing substrate for low-power, always-on EdgeAI applications. In this tutorial paper, we outline the main architectural design principles behind fully digital neuromorphic…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Amirreza Yousefzadeh

The human brain has immense learning capabilities at extreme energy efficiencies and scale that no artificial system has been able to match. For decades, reverse engineering the brain has been one of the top priorities of science and…

There is a growing necessity for edge training to adapt to dynamically changing environment. Neuromorphic computing represents a significant pathway for high-efficiency intelligent computation in energy-constrained edges, but existing…

Machine learning applications that are implemented with spike-based computation model, e.g., Spiking Neural Network (SNN), have a great potential to lower the energy consumption when they are executed on a neuromorphic hardware. However,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Shihao Song , Adarsha Balaji , Anup Das , Nagarajan Kandasamy , James Shackleford

The growing need for intelligent, adaptive, and energy-efficient autonomous systems across fields such as robotics, mobile agents (e.g., UAVs), and self-driving vehicles is driving interest in neuromorphic computing. By drawing inspiration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

Neuromorphic computing (NC) introduces a novel algorithmic paradigm representing a major shift from traditional digital computing of Von Neumann architectures. NC emulates or simulates the neural dynamics of brains in the form of Spiking…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-23 El-ghazali Talbi

Present day computers expend orders of magnitude more computational resources to perform various cognitive and perception related tasks that humans routinely perform everyday. This has recently resulted in a seismic shift in the field of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

In this article, we review a class of neuro-mimetic computational models that we place under the label of spiking predictive coding. Specifically, we review the general framework of predictive processing in the context of neurons that emit…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-10 Antony W. N'dri , William Gebhardt , Céline Teulière , Fleur Zeldenrust , Rajesh P. N. Rao , Jochen Triesch , Alexander Ororbia

Ensuring energy-efficient design in neuromorphic computing systems necessitates a tailored architecture combined with algorithmic approaches. This manuscript focuses on enhancing brain-inspired perceptual computing machines through a novel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Ali Shiri Sichani , Sai Kankatala

Neuromorphic engineering has emerged as a promising avenue for developing brain-inspired computational systems. However, conventional electronic AI-based processors often encounter challenges related to processing speed and thermal…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-03 Reyhane Ahmadi , Amirreza Ahmadnejad , Somayyeh Koohi

As the compute demands for machine learning and artificial intelligence applications continue to grow, neuromorphic hardware has been touted as a potential solution. New emerging devices like memristors, atomic switches, etc have shown…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Natesh Ganesh

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired alternative to conventional artificial neural networks, with potential advantages in power efficiency due to their event-driven computation. Despite their promise, SNNs have yet…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Wangdan Liao , Weidong Wang

With the remarkable progress that technology has made, the need for processing data near the sensors at the edge has increased dramatically. The electronic systems used in these applications must process data continuously, in real-time, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Ole Richter , Chenxi Wu , Adrian M. Whatley , German Köstinger , Carsten Nielsen , Ning Qiao , Giacomo Indiveri

Modern AI systems, based on von Neumann architecture and classical neural networks, have a number of fundamental limitations in comparison with the brain. This article discusses such limitations and the ways they can be mitigated. Next, it…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Dmitry Ivanov , Aleksandr Chezhegov , Andrey Grunin , Mikhail Kiselev , Denis Larionov

Neuromorphic computing is an emerging technology enabling low-latency and energy-efficient signal processing. A key algorithmic tool in neuromorphic computing is spiking neural networks (SNNs). SNNs are biologically inspired neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Sanja Karilanova , Subhrakanti Dey , Ayça Özçelikkale

Neuromorphic computing-modelled after the functionality and efficiency of biological neural systems-offers promising new directions for advancing artificial intelligence and computational models. Photonic techniques for neuromorphic…